Question 1

Contrast the cranial and dental anatomy and adaptation of Australopithecus robustus with African Homo erectus.

Accepted Answer

These hominins were contemporaneous for ...

Question 2

Some Homo erectus specimens had very large and robust bones while others:

Accepted Answer

A)   were small with robust bones.
B)   were tall with robust bones.
C)   were gracile.
D)   were small with thin bones.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like:

Accepted Answer

A)   long legs and opposable toes.
B)   double arches and adducted big toe.
C)   long arms.
D)   foramen magnum at the back of the skull.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The discoverer of Homo erectus was:

Accepted Answer

A)   Louis Leakey.
B)   Richard Leakey.
C)   Eugène Dubois.
D)   Ernst Haeckel.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The first hominid to migrate out of Africa was:

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus.
B)   Homo habilis.
C)   Homo erectus.
D)   Homo neanderthalensis.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Based on height calculations of Homo erectus fossils, physical anthropologists estimate that their average height was:

Accepted Answer

A)   more than 70 percent taller than Homo habilis.
B)   similar to that of australopithecines.
C)   tall, with males about five feet nine and females about five feet three.
D)   three feet.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Anatomical evidence from fossilized hand bones suggests that the precision grip needed to make and use stone tools was present:

Accepted Answer

A)   only in Homo erectus.
B)   only in Homo habilis.
C)   in Homo habilis and some australopithecines.
D)   in all australopithecine and Homo species.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Intermediate forms in the fossil record include:

Accepted Answer

A)   Sahelanthropus tchandensis.
B)   Australopithecus anamensis.
C)   Ardipithecus ramidus.
D)   all of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) A) and B) D

Question 9

A central theme of human evolution is:

Accepted Answer

A)   an increasing adaptive flexibility.
B)   a decreasing cranial capacity.
C)   a decreasing body size.
D)   a more robust jaw.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Compared to australopithecines, Homo habilis is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)   a smaller face.
B)   a bigger brain.
C)   a rounder and larger skull.
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Homo erectus fossils date to:

Accepted Answer

A)   3-1 mya.
B)   2.5 mya-.5 mya.
C)   1.8 mya-300,000 mya.
D)   1.2 mya-800,000mya.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

African Homo erectus cranial features include:

Accepted Answer

A)   thick cranial bones.
B)   small browridges.
C)   a rounded skull.
D)   a sagittal crest.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to:

Accepted Answer

A)   1.0 mya.
B)   800,000 yBP.
C)   1.7 mya.
D)   2.5 mya.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Greater body size and facial gracility documented in Homo erectus are likely related to:

Accepted Answer

A)   changes in tool technology and increasing access to meat and other proteins.
B)   the natural continuation of previous trends documented in hominid fossils, similar to great brain size.
C)   the global climate, as these trends are characteristic of a cooler climate.
D)   none of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Homo erectus was likely the first hominid to successfully migrate out of Africa. Discuss how the biology and culture of Homo erectus led to its success on three major continents with varying environments.

Accepted Answer

Homo erectus was the first hominid to di...

Question 16

Southern and eastern African sites dating to 2.5 mya show habitats indicating:

Accepted Answer

A)   the spread of C3 plants.
B)   reduction both in habitat types and in dietary diversity.
C)   a more frequent use of tools for the digging and processing of roots and tubers.
D)   none of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) C

Question 17

Which two fossil species lived at the same time around 2.5-1 mya?

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus and Homo erectus
B)   Homo erectus and Homo rudolfensis
C)   Homo habilis and Homo erectus
D)   Pithecathropus and Homo rudolfensisE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The earliest fossil evidence for Homo erectus in Western Europe dates from:

Accepted Answer

A)   1.6 mya, from Sima de los Heusos.
B)   .3 mya, from France.
C)   1.6 mya, from Dmanisi, Georgia.
D)   1.2 mya, from Sima del Elefante.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Stone tools were more common from archaeological sites of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Homo rudolfensis.
B)   Paranthropus.
C)   Australopithecus.
D)   Homo habilis.E) All of the above
F) A) and C) D

Question 20

The first evidence of modern human traits, including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture shows up in:

Accepted Answer

A)   Homo erectus.
B)   Homo sapiens.
C)   Homo neanderthalensis.
D)   Homo habilis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 11: The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

Contrast the cranial and dental anatomy and adaptation of Australopithecus robustus with African Homo erectus.

Correct AnswerverifiedThese hominins were contemporaneous for ...View AnswerShow Answer

Some Homo erectus specimens had very large and robust bones while others:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The discoverer of Homo erectus was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first hominid to migrate out of Africa was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on height calculations of Homo erectus fossils, physical anthropologists estimate that their average height was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anatomical evidence from fossilized hand bones suggests that the precision grip needed to make and use stone tools was present:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intermediate forms in the fossil record include:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A central theme of human evolution is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to australopithecines, Homo habilis is characterized by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homo erectus fossils date to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

African Homo erectus cranial features include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Greater body size and facial gracility documented in Homo erectus are likely related to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homo erectus was likely the first hominid to successfully migrate out of Africa. Discuss how the biology and culture of Homo erectus led to its success on three major continents with varying environments.

Correct AnswerverifiedHomo erectus was the first hominid to di...View AnswerShow Answer

Southern and eastern African sites dating to 2.5 mya show habitats indicating:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which two fossil species lived at the same time around 2.5-1 mya?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The earliest fossil evidence for Homo erectus in Western Europe dates from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stone tools were more common from archaeological sites of:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The first evidence of modern human traits, including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture shows up in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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Homo erectus was the first hominid to di...
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