Question 1

Three of the following are examples of social goals. Which one would not necessarily be considered a social goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Robert is eager to learn everything he can about terrorists and their personalities.
B)   Harry is worried that the homeless in his community may freeze during a bitter cold spell.
C)   Jasmine works hard to keep a promise she made to her parents.
D)   Mikaela has her hair professionally styled so she'll look nice at the school dance.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

On some occasions, attributing students' failures to lack of effort is quite appropriate. On other occasions, attributions to effort can backfire and be counterproductive. Which one of the following alternatives is the most accurate description of how attributions to effort can sometimes have adverse effects?

Accepted Answer

A)   When students fail at a task they have tried very hard at and are then told that they didn't try hard enough, they may decide they simply don't have the ability to do the task and give up.
B)   When students fail at a task at which they have not tried very hard to succeed and are then told that they didn't exert enough effort, they are likely to feel resentment toward their teacher.
C)   When students are told that they didn't try hard enough at a task that they expended quite a bit of effort on, they will almost certainly attribute the failure to bad luck.
D)   When students are told that they didn't exert enough effort and they really didn't try very hard, they are likely to attribute their failure to an external factor and not accept responsibility for it.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Three of the following statements are accurate descriptions of how competition affects motivation and affect. Which statement is not accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   On average, competition leads to more negative attitudes toward school.
B)   People in a competitive situation focus more on looking good than on learning something.
C)   Losers in a competitive situation suffer a loss of self-efficacy.
D)   Losers in a competitive situation are likely to attribute their losses to their own lack of effort.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Three of the following behaviors reflect a social goal. Which behavior does not necessarily reflect a social goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Learning as much as one can about European history
B)   Helping a person who has been hurt in an accident
C)   Bullying a clumsy and unpopular classmate
D)   Seeking a teacher's approvalE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 5

People's attributions for themselves and for others depend on a variety of factors. Describe how one's self-attributions may be partly a function of six of the following:
-Age
-Situational cues
-History of success and failure
-Messages from others
-Culture
-Gender
-Self-protective bias
-Image management

Accepted Answer

One's self-attributions may be partly a ...

Question 6

Students have just done well on what was obviously an easy assignment. If their teacher praises them for their success, they are likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Exert more effort next time
B)   Have high self-efficacy for academic tasks
C)   Adopt mastery goals rather than performance goals
D)   Conclude that they will have difficulty with more challenging tasksE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Three of the following statements describe advantages of challenging tasks for motivation. Which statement does not accurately describe the motivational effects of a challenge?

Accepted Answer

A)   Although challenges promote little or no intrinsic motivation, they promote considerable extrinsic motivation.
B)   Challenging tasks are more interesting.
C)   Success on challenging tasks enhances self-efficacy.
D)   Success on challenging tasks cannot easily be attributed to luck or other outside factors.Essay QuestionsE) A) and D)
F) B) and D) A

Question 8

Describe the sequence through which, according to Deci and Ryan, motivation may become increasingly internalized over time. Use a concrete example to illustrate your discussion.

Accepted Answer

According to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determ...

Question 9

Which one of the following students clearly has a mastery goal rather than a performance goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alice is relieved to learn she passed her English composition course.
B)   Boris wants the recognition that being a star football player will bring him.
C)   Cal doesn't worry about making mistakes as long as he knows he's making progress.
D)   Dinah stays away from science courses because she's never done very well in science.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

A student who has developed learned helplessness about his or her spelling ability is most likely to say which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I have to work harder than my friends to learn to spell."
B)   "I can learn how to spell words correctly without even trying."
C)   "No matter how much I study words, I can't remember how to spell them."
D)   "I would learn to spell eventually, but it's not worth the time it would take to do so."E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which one of the following students clearly has a performance goal rather than a mastery goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alec is bored by easy assignments.
B)   Blanche always does more than her teacher requires.
C)   Christina persists when she encounters a difficult math problem.
D)   Devon evaluates his own performance based on how his classmates do.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

The textbook recommends that teachers encourage students to set and work toward proximal goals. Which one of the following illustrates a proximal goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Becoming a reporter for a national news channel such as CNN
B)   Maintaining a 4.0 GPA throughout the high school years
C)   Learning the symbols for all the elements in a chemistry class
D)   Shooting for admission to a local community college rather than a prestigious and highly selective private collegeE) C) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 13

Tim and Sally are two fifth graders who have entered their science projects in an elementary school science fair. They both receive blue ribbons on their projects. Considering gender differences in students' explanations for success, how are the two students likely to explain their blue ribbons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tim will think, "I got a ribbon because I'm really good in science." Sally will think, "I got a ribbon because I worked really hard on my project."
B)   Tim will attribute his ribbon to his many nights of hard work. Sally will think, "I got a ribbon because I'm good in science."
C)   Tim will think that he is lucky when it comes to projects like this. Sally will think that she succeeded because her father is a scientist and she must have inherited his ability.
D)   Tim will think, "My project got a ribbon because I had a lot of help from my friends." Sally will think, "I got a ribbon because I'm smarter than the other kids."E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

For the past three years, 16-year-old Susan has set her sights on becoming an electrical engineer. Which one of the following statements about Susan is consistent with research on career goals?

Accepted Answer

A)   It's highly unusual for an adolescent like Susan to have such a stable career goal.
B)   Susan worries about whether she'll be able to handle both her career and motherhood.
C)   Susan's high aspirations are quite surprising; most adolescents boys and girls alike)  tend to aspire to careers far below what they are capable of achieving.
D)   Susan is likely to find equal numbers of males and females in her college engineering classes.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Frank is a good student. He attributes his success partly to studying long hours and partly to his intelligence "High achievement runs in the family," he says) . From the perspective of attributions, three of the following statements are likely to be accurate descriptions of Frank. Which one is probably not an accurate description?

Accepted Answer

A)   He feels proud of his academic accomplishments.
B)   He has high self-efficacy regarding school tasks.
C)   He expects to continue doing well in school over the next few years.
D)   Because he learns quickly, he relies primarily on rote learning strategies.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Three of the following characterize students with a performance goal. Which one characterizes students with a mastery goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Trying to learn something word for word
B)   Concluding that you need to work harder when you fail
C)   Doing something that you know you will be reinforced for
D)   Looking at classmates' performance as an indication of how well you're doingE) B) and C)
F) C) and D) B

Question 17

Which of the following epistemic belief systems would lead to mastery goals rather than performance goals?

Accepted Answer

A)   " Knowledge is an accumulation of unrelated facts"
B)   "Facts are indisputable"
C)   "All experts within a field agree on all issues and topics"
D)   "Knowledge involves interconnected ideas"E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Which one of these students has a performance-approach goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Frank finds a homework assignment too easy to waste his time on.
B)   Herb frequently asks questions in class in order to understand the information better.
C)   Selena decides to enter the school science fair in hopes of impressing her teacher, classmates, and parents.
D)   Rita was disappointed by her last test score in math. Realizing that people learn from their mistakes, she decides to study harder for the next test using different study strategies.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Three of the following conditions appear to be important for the development of a learner's internalized motivation. Which one of the following is probably not an important condition for internalized motivation to develop?

Accepted Answer

A)   Important people in the learner's life have expectations for his or her behavior and will impose consequences for inappropriate behavior.
B)   The learner is capable of abstract thought; from a Piagetian perspective, the learner has advanced to the formal operations stage.
C)   The learner has some autonomy in terms of choosing how to act in various situations.
D)   The learner feels the warmth and support of important people in his or her environment.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Which one of the following students most clearly has a doing-just enough goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dave wants to pass his chemistry class with a C. To do so he reads only the necessary chapters to get a C on the exam.
B)   Mae wants to pass her chemistry class with an A. She does all of the assigned reading and any extra reading she can find so she can do very well on the exam.
C)   Naomi does not like chemistry and does not study for her exam. However, she received an A on the exam.
D)   Prudence really enjoys chemistry, but is a very anxious test taker. No matter how much she studies, she always gets C's on her exams.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 15: Cognitive Factors in Motivation

Three of the following are examples of social goals. Which one would not necessarily be considered a social goal?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following statements are accurate descriptions of how competition affects motivation and affect. Which statement is not accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following behaviors reflect a social goal. Which behavior does not necessarily reflect a social goal?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
One's self-attributions may be partly a ...
View Answer

Students have just done well on what was obviously an easy assignment. If their teacher praises them for their success, they are likely to:

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following statements describe advantages of challenging tasks for motivation. Which statement does not accurately describe the motivational effects of a challenge?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Describe the sequence through which, according to Deci and Ryan, motivation may become increasingly internalized over time. Use a concrete example to illustrate your discussion.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
According to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determ...
View Answer

Which one of the following students clearly has a mastery goal rather than a performance goal?

Correct Answer
verified

A student who has developed learned helplessness about his or her spelling ability is most likely to say which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following students clearly has a performance goal rather than a mastery goal?

Correct Answer
verified

The textbook recommends that teachers encourage students to set and work toward proximal goals. Which one of the following illustrates a proximal goal?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Tim and Sally are two fifth graders who have entered their science projects in an elementary school science fair. They both receive blue ribbons on their projects. Considering gender differences in students' explanations for success, how are the two students likely to explain their blue ribbons?

Correct Answer
verified

For the past three years, 16-year-old Susan has set her sights on becoming an electrical engineer. Which one of the following statements about Susan is consistent with research on career goals?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following characterize students with a performance goal. Which one characterizes students with a mastery goal?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which of the following epistemic belief systems would lead to mastery goals rather than performance goals?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of these students has a performance-approach goal?

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following conditions appear to be important for the development of a learner's internalized motivation. Which one of the following is probably not an important condition for internalized motivation to develop?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following students most clearly has a doing-just enough goal?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Cognitive Factors in Motivation

Three of the following are examples of social goals. Which one would not necessarily be considered a social goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following statements are accurate descriptions of how competition affects motivation and affect. Which statement is not accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following behaviors reflect a social goal. Which behavior does not necessarily reflect a social goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIOne's self-attributions may be partly a ...View AnswerShow Answer

Students have just done well on what was obviously an easy assignment. If their teacher praises them for their success, they are likely to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following statements describe advantages of challenging tasks for motivation. Which statement does not accurately describe the motivational effects of a challenge?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Describe the sequence through which, according to Deci and Ryan, motivation may become increasingly internalized over time. Use a concrete example to illustrate your discussion.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAccording to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which one of the following students clearly has a mastery goal rather than a performance goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A student who has developed learned helplessness about his or her spelling ability is most likely to say which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following students clearly has a performance goal rather than a mastery goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The textbook recommends that teachers encourage students to set and work toward proximal goals. Which one of the following illustrates a proximal goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Tim and Sally are two fifth graders who have entered their science projects in an elementary school science fair. They both receive blue ribbons on their projects. Considering gender differences in students' explanations for success, how are the two students likely to explain their blue ribbons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For the past three years, 16-year-old Susan has set her sights on becoming an electrical engineer. Which one of the following statements about Susan is consistent with research on career goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following characterize students with a performance goal. Which one characterizes students with a mastery goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following epistemic belief systems would lead to mastery goals rather than performance goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of these students has a performance-approach goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following conditions appear to be important for the development of a learner's internalized motivation. Which one of the following is probably not an important condition for internalized motivation to develop?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following students most clearly has a doing-just enough goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
One's self-attributions may be partly a ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
According to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified