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Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

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Question 121

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As In Focus box on neurodiversity discusses, Dawson's study using the Raven's Progressive Matrices test and Wechsler's intelligence test (WISC) showed that, on average, autistic children scored fully 30 percentile points higher on the Raven's test than they did on Wechsler's intelligence test.

A) True
B) False

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Question 122

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Which of the following is the research method most commonly used to explore the role of genetic and environmental factors in human intelligence?

A) research using nonhuman animals as subjects
B) studies of twins and other genetically related individuals
C) computer models and simulations
D) a systematic comparison of individuals' scores on the Raven's Progressive Matrices test with their scores on the WAIS and WISC

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 123

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The psychological process that involves manipulating mental representations of information in order to draw inferences and conclusions is called:

Lindsay hopes to gain admission to graduate school to become a chemical engineer, and she needs to take the Graduate Record Exams (GRE) in physics and chemistry as part of her application. Although she has gotten excellent grades in both chemistry and physics in college, when she enters the room for her physics test, she can't help but notice that almost all of the students taking the test are male, and she is only one of a handful of female students. According to research by Claude Steele, what might be the effect of Lindsay's awareness that she is vastly outnumbered by male students?

When tests were described as measuring intelligence, Hispanic students performed more poorly than white students; children from a low socioeconomic background performed more poorly than students from higher socioeconomic backgrounds; and social science majors scored lower than natural science majors. These examples all illustrate:

Eight-year-old Terry's performance on an intelligence test is at a level characteristic of an average 5-year-old. Terry's mental age is:

An intuitive hunch is most likely to be accurate when:

With whom do you associate the triarchic theory of intelligence?

When people are motivated by external rewards, such as money or grades, they are intrinsically motivated.

Syntax is to _____ as generative is to _____.

In choosing the goal of creativity, people need to acquire relevant knowledge, try different approaches, exert effort, and expect setbacks.

Trent does not respond to attempts at social interaction. He also engages in repetitive or odd motor behaviors and focuses on a few restricted routines and interests. According to the In Focus box "Neurodiversity: Beyond IQ," these characteristics are typical of a disorder called:

Define stereotype lift, and explain how psychological research has demonstrated its effects on test performance.

The word school describes the place where teachers teach and students learn. It can also be used to describe a college, a kindergarten, and a place in which people learn to cut hair or play a musical instrument. School in this example is a:

In many societies, the average IQ scores of minority groups are lower than the average IQ scores of the dominant or majority groups. Why can't heritability estimates be used to explain group differences in intelligence?

Emily created a new sentence that neither she nor anybody else had ever heard before: "The chinless human-factors-interface-technician roamed the halls of academia looking for a lobotomized bureaucrat with whom to interface." This example most clearly illustrates the _____.

When Adrian's computer would not respond to commands from the wireless keyboard, he tried restarting the computer, as that strategy had worked in the past. After several tries, the keyboard still did not work, so he gave up and called a computer repair service. A technician easily solved the problem: the batteries in the wireless keyboard needed to be replaced. Adrian's inability to solve the problem on his own had been hampered by his:

Describe Terman's longitudinal study of 1,500 gifted children and discuss its implications and conclusions.

Which of the following statements regarding the determination of intelligence is FALSE?

Only data from identical twins are used to produce heritability estimates of intelligence and other characteristics, since other relatives, such as siblings, are too genetically different to produce usable data.