Question 1

Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gestaltist 
B)   behaviorist
C)   structuralist
D)   functionalistE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 2

A research method in which the real-life behavior of a pre-selected person or a group is studied at an in-depth level for some time through the use of observation, interviews, and writings (such as letters)  is the ________ method of research.

Accepted Answer

A)   survey
B)   psychometric
C)   case study
D)   naturalistic observationE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

Vido has a master's degree and is interested in working on the causes of poverty. What type of professional is Vido most likely to become?

Accepted Answer

A)   educational psychologist
B)   psychiatrist
C)   school psychologist
D)   psychiatric social worker E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

Samantha just had her purse stolen while walking down Fifth Avenue in New York City, which is a very busy part of Manhattan. She screamed loudly, and several people looked in her direction, but nobody stopped walking or made an attempt to help. She immediately broke down in tears and trembled for 10 minutes until she could walk to her car. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   democracy
B)   the bystander effect 
C)   diffusion of effects 
D)   flaws in the judicial systemE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true about naturalistic observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   It recreates natural conditions in the laboratory as closely as possible to make an experiment more valid.
B)   It involves observing behavior in its natural context.
C)   It is basically the same process as objective introspection.
D)   It involves observing behavior in the lab without taking formal notes or using technological equipment to measure the experimental findings.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   naturalistic observation method 
B)   experimental method
C)   survey method 
D)   psychometric approachE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists report results publicly?

Accepted Answer

A)   to comply with legal requirements
B)   to identify all the extraneous variables
C)   to allow researchers to replicate experiments 
D)   to explain research results so that non-psychologists can understand themE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The psychodynamic perspective was based on the work of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Watson
B)   Wundt
C)   Gestalt
D)   Freud E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

A psychologist, studying pilot trainees, picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees. The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   sample
B)   population
C)   target group
D)   control groupE) A) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Question 10

Which noted African American psychologist held a post as president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of Virginia State College?

Accepted Answer

A)   Charles Henry Thompson
B)   Howard Hale Long
C)   Robert Prentiss Daniel 
D)   Albert Sidney BeckhamE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

In a controlled experiment, the group not subjected to a change in the independent variable, and used for comparison with the group receiving the experimental change, is the ________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)   independent
B)   experimental
C)   dependent
D)   controlE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

"There is no life outside this solar system and nothing you can say will change that fact!" Which criterion of critical thinking does this person lack?

Accepted Answer

A)   Evidence is only necessary if it can be tested.
B)   All evidence is not equal in quality.
C)   Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.
D)   Critical thinking requires an open mind.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which school of psychology assumes that human activity cannot be broken down into separate units for analysis but must be evaluated as wholes?

Accepted Answer

A)   humanism
B)   Gestalt
C)   functionalism
D)   behaviorismE) A) and D)
F) A) and C) B

Question 14

The most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology today is that it is the science of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In psychological studies, randomization is used to ensure that:

Accepted Answer

A)   there will be an independent and dependent variable.
B)   each person has an equal chance of being assigned to each group.
C)   the control group does not know the purpose of the study.
D)   the experimenter won't know who is in each group.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Double-blind studies control for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   only the placebo effect
B)   only the experimenter effect 
C)   both the placebo effect and the experimenter effect 
D)   extrinsic motivationE) A) and D)
F) A) and C) C

Question 17

Gestalt psychology attempted to discover:

Accepted Answer

A)   how the mind helped people adapt to the world.
B)   the overall patterns of perceptions and thoughts.
C)   the basic building blocks of consciousness.
D)   the unconscious motivations for human functioning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Structuralism
B)   Behaviorism
C)   Gestalt psychology
D)   Psychoanalytic theoryE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

Professor Wenches approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes within the individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she accepts which of the following psychological approaches?

Accepted Answer

A)   social-cognitive learning
B)   behaviorism
C)   the cognitive approach
D)   the psychodynamic approach E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Littman-Smith is conducting research in Kenya into the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day. Given the purpose of her study, it is most likely that she is engaged in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   naturalistic observation 
B)   laboratory observation
C)   case study research
D)   experimental researchE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts"?

Correct Answer
verified

A research method in which the real-life behavior of a pre-selected person or a group is studied at an in-depth level for some time through the use of observation, interviews, and writings (such as letters) is the ________ method of research.

Correct Answer
verified

Vido has a master's degree and is interested in working on the causes of poverty. What type of professional is Vido most likely to become?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true about naturalistic observation?

Correct Answer
verified

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists report results publicly?

Correct Answer
verified

The psychodynamic perspective was based on the work of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A psychologist, studying pilot trainees, picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees. The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a ________.

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which noted African American psychologist held a post as president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of Virginia State College?

Correct Answer
verified

In a controlled experiment, the group not subjected to a change in the independent variable, and used for comparison with the group receiving the experimental change, is the ________ group.

Correct Answer
verified

"There is no life outside this solar system and nothing you can say will change that fact!" Which criterion of critical thinking does this person lack?

Correct Answer
verified

Which school of psychology assumes that human activity cannot be broken down into separate units for analysis but must be evaluated as wholes?

Correct Answer
verified
B

The most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology today is that it is the science of behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

In psychological studies, randomization is used to ensure that:

Correct Answer
verified

Double-blind studies control for ________.

Correct Answer
verified
C

Gestalt psychology attempted to discover:

Correct Answer
verified

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Professor Wenches approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes within the individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she accepts which of the following psychological approaches?

Correct Answer
verified

Littman-Smith is conducting research in Kenya into the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day. Given the purpose of her study, it is most likely that she is engaged in ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A research method in which the real-life behavior of a pre-selected person or a group is studied at an in-depth level for some time through the use of observation, interviews, and writings (such as letters) is the ________ method of research.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vido has a master's degree and is interested in working on the causes of poverty. What type of professional is Vido most likely to become?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about naturalistic observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists report results publicly?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychodynamic perspective was based on the work of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychologist, studying pilot trainees, picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees. The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which noted African American psychologist held a post as president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of Virginia State College?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a controlled experiment, the group not subjected to a change in the independent variable, and used for comparison with the group receiving the experimental change, is the ________ group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"There is no life outside this solar system and nothing you can say will change that fact!" Which criterion of critical thinking does this person lack?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which school of psychology assumes that human activity cannot be broken down into separate units for analysis but must be evaluated as wholes?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology today is that it is the science of behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In psychological studies, randomization is used to ensure that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Double-blind studies control for ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Gestalt psychology attempted to discover:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Wenches approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes within the individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she accepts which of the following psychological approaches?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Littman-Smith is conducting research in Kenya into the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day. Given the purpose of her study, it is most likely that she is engaged in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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A

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B

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C

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