Question 1

Teams of neurons in the temporal lobe enable us to identify a familiar chair by recognizing its unique visual patterns.These neural teams have been called

Accepted Answer

A)   optic nerves.
B)   ganglion cells.
C)   supercell clusters.
D)   bipolar cells.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The principle of continuity refers to the perceptual tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)   group things that are near each other.
B)   group stimuli into smooth,uninterrupted patterns.
C)   fill in gaps so as to perceive a complete,whole object.
D)   generate reversible figure-ground patterns.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The organizational rules identified by Gestalt psychologists illustrated their view that

Accepted Answer

A)   perception is the same as sensation.
B)   we learn to perceive the world through experience.
C)   the perceived whole may exceed the sum of its parts.
D)   sensation has no effect on perception.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of

Accepted Answer

A)   closure.
B)   proximity.
C)   interposition.
D)   perceptual constancy.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

The pupil is the

Accepted Answer

A)   adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters.
B)   transparent structure that focuses light rays in a process called accommodation.
C)   light-sensitive inner surface of the eye,containing both rods and cones.
D)   central focal point in the retina,around which the eye's cones cluster.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining a characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)   perceptual adaptation.
B)   retinal disparity.
C)   accommodation.
D)   afterimages.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Infancy is a critical period for normal visual development.That is why prompt eye surgery is recommended for infants who are born with

Accepted Answer

A)   retinal disparity.
B)   cataracts.
C)   blind spots.
D)   blindsight.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Jason is so disgusted by the bitter taste of brussel sprouts that he refuses his parents' request to at least try eating them.Jason's feelings are most likely to be signaled by changes in his eyes caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   increased retinal disparity.
B)   accommodation of the lens.
C)   enlargement of the fovea.
D)   constriction of the pupils.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Who emphasized that perceptions are learned through experience?

Accepted Answer

A)   Immanuel Kant
B)   Gestalt psychologists
C)   John Locke
D)   Thomas YoungE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Mr.Watkins had been blind from birth.While corrective eye surgery enabled him to see,he was unable to visually distinguish a spoon from a key.This fact would serve to support the position advanced by

Accepted Answer

A)   Immanuel Kant.
B)   Gestalt psychologists.
C)   John Locke.
D)   Hermann von Helmholtz.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following explains how the upside-down image on the retina produces a right-side-up image?

Accepted Answer

A)   The eye's watery fluids bend the light rays,re-inverting the image to an upright position as it reaches the retina.
B)   The retina receives an upside-down image,and the image is reversed via the eye's watery fluids.
C)   The millions of receptor cells in the retina convert particles of light energy into neural impulses and forward them to the brain,which reassembles them into an upright image.
D)   There is no upside-down image on the retina.Rather,the upside-down image is located on the iris.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The monocular depth cue in which an object blocking another object is perceived as closer is

Accepted Answer

A)   interposition.
B)   relative height.
C)   continuity.
D)   linear perspective.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

As the retinal image of a horse galloping toward you becomes larger,it is unlikely that the horse will appear to grow larger.This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   relative luminance.
B)   size constancy.
C)   closure.
D)   relative motion.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Rules for organizing stimuli into coherent groups were first identified by

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary psychologists.
B)   behaviorists.
C)   Gestalt psychologists.
D)   John Locke.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Experiencing a green afterimage of a red object is most easily explained by

Accepted Answer

A)   the opponent-process theory.
B)   trichromatic theory.
C)   the Young-Helmholtz theory.
D)   feature detection theory.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Any given area of the retina relays its information to a corresponding location in the

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothalamus.
B)   oval window.
C)   occipital lobe.
D)   cerebellum.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually

Accepted Answer

A)   large when it is near the horizon.
B)   large when it is high in the sky.
C)   bright when it is near the horizon.
D)   bright when it is high in the sky.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Indicators of distance such as interposition and linear perspective are

Accepted Answer

A)   visual cliffs.
B)   feature detectors.
C)   monocular cues.
D)   cataracts.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The perception of the letter "t" as two intersecting lines rather than as four nonintersecting lines illustrates the principle of

Accepted Answer

A)   linear perspective.
B)   proximity.
C)   closure.
D)   continuity.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

The ability to simultaneously process the pitch,loudness,melody,and meaning of a song best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   relative luminance.
B)   accommodation.
C)   perceptual adaptation.
D)   parallel processing.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 18: Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability to simultaneously process the pitch,loudness,melody,and meaning of a song best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rules for organizing stimuli into coherent groups were first identified by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principle of continuity refers to the perceptual tendency to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the retinal image of a horse galloping toward you becomes larger,it is unlikely that the horse will appear to grow larger.This best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any given area of the retina relays its information to a corresponding location in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jason is so disgusted by the bitter taste of brussel sprouts that he refuses his parents' request to at least try eating them.Jason's feelings are most likely to be signaled by changes in his eyes caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The perception of the letter "t" as two intersecting lines rather than as four nonintersecting lines illustrates the principle of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who emphasized that perceptions are learned through experience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following explains how the upside-down image on the retina produces a right-side-up image?

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The pupil is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Indicators of distance such as interposition and linear perspective are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infancy is a critical period for normal visual development.That is why prompt eye surgery is recommended for infants who are born with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining a characteristic of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organizational rules identified by Gestalt psychologists illustrated their view that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr.Watkins had been blind from birth.While corrective eye surgery enabled him to see,he was unable to visually distinguish a spoon from a key.This fact would serve to support the position advanced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Teams of neurons in the temporal lobe enable us to identify a familiar chair by recognizing its unique visual patterns.These neural teams have been called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The monocular depth cue in which an object blocking another object is perceived as closer is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experiencing a green afterimage of a red object is most easily explained by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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