Question 1

What is Robert Merton's term for a preoccupation with rules and regulations to the point of keeping an organization from accomplishing its goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  bureaucratic ritualism
B)  bureaucratic alienation
C)  bureaucratic innovation
D)  bureaucratic inertiaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

In the process of anticipatory socialization, people use social groups they wish to join as reference groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In brief, what does Rosabeth Moss Kanter's research show?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organizations must "open up" their structure in order to bring out the best in their employees.
B)  Employees who hustle are the ones who get ahead.
C)  Organizational structure has little to do with employee performance.
D)  Formal organizations typically become oligarchies.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is the best example of a primary group?

Accepted Answer

A)  a family that has gathered to celebrate a religious holiday
B)  carpenters gathering at a work site
C)  a student government meeting
D)  a reunion of the graduating class of 1977E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

What is the sociological term coined by Irving Janis for a limited understanding of some issue resulting from group conformity?

Accepted Answer

A)  reference group consciousness
B)  groupthink
C)  in-group thinking
D)  tunnel visionE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Bureaucracy places more importance on personal ties than on technical competence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In general, which of the following categories of people are "well connected" in terms of social networks?

Accepted Answer

A)  young people
B)  well-educated people
C)  people living in cities
D)  All of these are correct.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The text speaks of "opposing trends" in today's world of formal organizations because

Accepted Answer

A)  some organizations are getting bigger, but most are getting smaller.
B)  men dominate formal organizations, but women are gaining quickly.
C)  some organizations have evolved toward flatter, more flexible forms, but others remain rigid organizations patterned by McDonald's.
D)  All of these are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

What concept refers to all factors outside an organization that affect the organization's operation?

Accepted Answer

A)  oligarchy
B)  organizational environment
C)  secondary environment
D)  competitionE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

From the point of view of anyone considered to be an "inmate," what type of formal organization is the person in?

Accepted Answer

A)  a normative organization
B)  a coercive organization
C)  a utilitarian organization
D)  a voluntary organizationE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

As the number of members in a group goes up, the number of possible relationships that connect them goes up much more quickly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Why did Cooley refer to some groups as "primary groups"?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are among the first groups we experience in life.
B)  They have primary importance in the socialization process.
C)  They contain the people most important in our lives.
D)  All of these are correct.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

List the traits that Max Weber used to describe bureaucratic social organizations.How do these traits promote organizational efficiency?

Accepted Answer

Max Weber used several traits to describ...

Question 14

"Groupthink" is a form of social conformity in groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Max Weber believed the spread of bureaucracy would greatly improve the quality of life for modern people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Samuel Stouffer's study of soldier morale during World War II led to what conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  The greater the chances of getting ahead, the happier people are.
B)  Happiness is a matter of personal values and standards.
C)  Whatever their situation in absolute terms, people evaluate themselves and make comparisons to others in specific reference groups.
D)  The less chance for promotion, the higher soldiers' morale.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The emergency room clerk who keeps a bleeding patient waiting while filling out lots of paperwork is a classic example of bureaucratic

Accepted Answer

A)  ritualism.
B)  alienation.
C)  innovation.
D)  inertia.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

What are the differences between categories and social groups?

Accepted Answer

Categories and social groups are both wa...

Question 19

In general, people in secondary groups are more likely than people in primary groups to "keep score" in terms of who owes what to whom.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In principle, bureaucratic organizations pay little attention to

Accepted Answer

A)  formal policies.
B)  completing tasks efficiently.
C)  tradition.
D)  the technical competence of members.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 7: Groups and Organizations

In the process of anticipatory socialization, people use social groups they wish to join as reference groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general, people in secondary groups are more likely than people in primary groups to "keep score" in terms of who owes what to whom.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why did Cooley refer to some groups as "primary groups"?

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List the traits that Max Weber used to describe bureaucratic social organizations.How do these traits promote organizational efficiency?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIMax Weber used several traits to describ...View AnswerShow Answer

What is the sociological term coined by Irving Janis for a limited understanding of some issue resulting from group conformity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What concept refers to all factors outside an organization that affect the organization's operation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the number of members in a group goes up, the number of possible relationships that connect them goes up much more quickly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the point of view of anyone considered to be an "inmate," what type of formal organization is the person in?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The emergency room clerk who keeps a bleeding patient waiting while filling out lots of paperwork is a classic example of bureaucratic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In brief, what does Rosabeth Moss Kanter's research show?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bureaucracy places more importance on personal ties than on technical competence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text speaks of "opposing trends" in today's world of formal organizations because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Samuel Stouffer's study of soldier morale during World War II led to what conclusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the differences between categories and social groups?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AICategories and social groups are both wa...View AnswerShow Answer

What is Robert Merton's term for a preoccupation with rules and regulations to the point of keeping an organization from accomplishing its goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Groupthink" is a form of social conformity in groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best example of a primary group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general, which of the following categories of people are "well connected" in terms of social networks?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Max Weber believed the spread of bureaucracy would greatly improve the quality of life for modern people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In principle, bureaucratic organizations pay little attention to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Answered by ExamLex AI
Max Weber used several traits to describ...
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Answered by ExamLex AI
Categories and social groups are both wa...
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