A) a good way for companies to develop broader or deeper competencies and competitive capabilities that can become a strong basis for sustainable competitive advantage.
B) best accomplished with a multidomestic strategy as opposed to a global strategy.
C) feasible only with a global strategy; it can't be done with a multidomestic strategy.
D) unlikely to result in a competitive advantage.
E) nearly always the easiest and most sure-fire way to build competitive advantage in trying to compete successfully in foreign markets.
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Multiple Choice
A) granting country managers fairly wide strategy-making latitude
B) scattering plants across many host countries, each producing product versions for local area markets
C) adapting marketing and distribution to the buying habits, customs, and culture of each host country
D) considering the preference for local suppliers (use of some local suppliers may be mandated by host governments)
E) selling directly to buyers (perhaps via the company's website) to avoid having to establish networks of wholesale/retail dealers in each country market
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Multiple Choice
A) the ability of management to tailor a strategy to take into consideration differences among country markets.
B) which countries have the weakest foreign rivals.
C) competitive rivalry that is only moderate in some countries.
D) differing population sizes, cultures, income levels, infrastructure, and distribution networks among countries.
E) the large size of emerging markets such as Brazil, Russia, China, and India.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) dumping practices
B) price-clearing system
C) clearance sale
D) discounting practices
E) competitive advantage
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Multiple Choice
A) growth potential of India's emerging market
B) global standardization of mobile phone technology
C) potential location advantages in wages, inflation rates, and tax rates that reduce costs
D) franchising opportunities in India
E) comparatively lower exchange rate and political risks
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Multiple Choice
A) a transnational strategy
B) an international strategy
C) a think-local, act-global strategy
D) a cross-border integrated strategy
E) a standardized integrated strategy
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Multiple Choice
A) employing a franchising strategy using local ownership
B) relying on strategy alliances, joint ventures, or other cooperative agreements with foreign companies
C) pursuing a profit sanctuary strategy
D) establishing a subsidiary via acquisition or greenfield development
E) maintaining a national (one-country) production base and exporting goods to foreign markets
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Multiple Choice
A) It hinders the use of cross-border coordination of a company's activities and increases a company's vulnerability to adverse shifts in currency exchange rates.
B) It makes it very difficult to take into account significant country-to-country differences in distribution channels and marketing methods.
C) It makes it difficult and costly to be responsive to country-to-country differences in customer needs, buying habits, cultural traditions, and market conditions.
D) It hinders the transfer of a company's competencies and resources across country boundaries and hinders the pursuit of a single, uniform competitive advantage in all country markets where a company operates.
E) It is unsuitable for competing in the markets of emerging countries and posing added difficulty in modifying a company's business model to compete on the basis of low price.
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A) to gain access to new customers
B) to scale back its core competencies
C) to restrict its factors of production
D) to gain access to low-cost inputs of production
E) to better compete with Gazprom
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Multiple Choice
A) Argentina increases its interest rate on loans to foreign entrants from 15% to 19%.
B) The European Union imposes a 16% tariff on the import of agricultural produce.
C) Australia introduces a permanent employer-sponsored visa program for skilled manpower.
D) Denmark levies a per metric ton carbon tax on electricity.
E) The Chinese government favors partial local ownership of foreign-owned companies.
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Multiple Choice
A) Fluctuating exchange rates do not pose significant risks to a company's competitiveness in foreign markets.
B) The advantages of manufacturing goods in a particular country are largely unaffected by fluctuating exchange rates.
C) Companies that are manufacturing goods in a particular country and are exporting much of what they produce are disadvantaged when that country's currency grows weaker relative to the currencies of the countries that the goods are being exported to.
D) Companies that are manufacturing goods in a particular country and are exporting much of what they produce are benefited when that country's currency grows weaker relative to the currencies of the countries that the goods are being exported to.
E) Domestic companies under pressure from lower-cost imports are hurt even more when their government's currency grows weaker in relation to the currencies of the countries where the imported goods are being made.
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Multiple Choice
A) allowing franchisees to achieve scale economies.
B) maintaining quality control due to a lack of commitment to consistency and standardization.
C) eliminating the costs and risks associated with establishing a foreign business location.
D) sharing foreign facilities and marketing strategies with local businesses.
E) achieving higher product quality and better product performance than with an export strategy.
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Multiple Choice
A) can rank the competitive advantage opportunities in each industry.
B) possesses good strategic fit with other businesses and identifies the value chain where this fit occurs.
C) derives substantial profits because of its protected market position or unassailable competitive advantage.
D) creates substantial investment strategies because it is losing competitive advantage over competitors.
E) invests its dividends in expanding its foreign market presence.
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Multiple Choice
A) having scale economies to compete against local rivals
B) having the ability to gain increased access to distribution channels and networks
C) adding new production capacity will adversely impact the supply-demand balance in the local market
D) creating an internal start-up is cheaper than making an acquisition
E) creating an internal start-up is cheaper than entering into strategic alliances and cooperative agreements
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Multiple Choice
A) are weakened when that country's currency grows stronger relative to the currencies of the countries where the output is being sold.
B) are greatest when local consumers prefer products manufactured inside the country's borders.
C) are largely unaffected by fluctuating exchange rates.
D) can be wiped out when that country's currency grows weaker relative to the currencies of the countries where the output is being sold.
E) are largely unaffected by tariffs or quotas.
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Multiple Choice
A) Where will the foreign entrants come from?
B) Which countries have the weakest foreign rivals?
C) What are the attributes of a country's business environment?
D) What location of value chain activities is most beneficial?
E) What are the disadvantages of allowing foreign competition?
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Multiple Choice
A) Localizing a global company's product offerings country-by-country leads to low-cost advantage.
B) There are country-to-country differences in consumer buying habits and buyer tastes and preferences.
C) A company must contend with fluctuating exchange rates and country-to-country variations in host government restrictions and requirements.
D) Product designs suitable for one country are often inappropriate in another.
E) Market growth rates vary from country to country.
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Multiple Choice
A) having a high level of control and speed as an entry strategy to overcome trade barriers.
B) allowing a company to achieve scalable economies.
C) eliminating the costs and risks associated with establishing a foreign business location.
D) achieving variable product quality and competitive product performance.
E) exporting goods at higher costs than rivals in those locations.
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Multiple Choice
A) having franchisees bear most of the costs and risks of establishing foreign locations and requiring the franchisor to expend only the resources to recruit, train, and support and monitor franchisees.
B) being particularly well-suited to the global expansion efforts of companies with multidomestic strategies.
C) allowing a company to achieve scale economies.
D) being well suited to companies who employ cross-border transfer strategies.
E) being well suited to the global expansion efforts of manufacturers.
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