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Examine the reign of Augustus Caesar.What steps did he take to restore order and implement the pax romana? What were the long-term effects of his influence?

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Augustus Caesar, also known as Octavian,...

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The Roman thinker Marcus Tullius Cicero is most associated with what Hellenistic school of thought?


A) Epicureanism
B) Skepticism
C) Stoicism
D) Legalism
E) Platonism

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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During Roman expansion throughout the Mediterranean region,the Romans engaged in conflict with all EXCEPT which of the following?


A) the Carthaginians
B) the Antigonids
C) the Seleucids
D) the Harappans
E) pirates and ambitious local lords

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The leading figure in the expansion of Christianity beyond Judaism was


A) Jesus of Nazareth.
B) Mithras.
C) Marcus Tullius Cicero.
D) Paul of Tarsus.
E) St. Augustine.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Examine the picture of the mithraeum on page 232.What can its location,under the church of San Clemente,tell you about the changing religious world of the Romans? Does this picture have any symbolic meaning?

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The location of the mithraeum under the ...

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Julius Caesar was the leader who reunified the Roman world and began the pax romana.

A) True
B) False

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Vesta was the Roman goddess of


A) the moon.
B) fertility.
C) the hearth.
D) erotic love.
E) the night.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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How did the republican constitution affect conflict between the patricians and the plebeians?

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The Republican constitution of ancient R...

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Which group,in an effort to alleviate social tensions,was allowed to elect two and then later ten tribunes?


A) plebeians
B) slaves
C) patricians
D) consuls
E) dictators

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The Roman policy toward conquered peoples was


A) centered around the policy of forced conversion to the Roman religion.
B) generous,with the potential for citizenship.
C) cruel and despotic.
D) successful because citizenship was granted to all from the very beginning of expansion.
E) based on immediately turning conquered peoples into slaves.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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All of the following were foundations of Roman law EXCEPT


A) the principle that defendants were innocent until proven guilty.
B) the notion that defendants had a right to challenge their accusers before a judge in a court of law.
C) the idea that patricians were exempt from accusation under the law.
D) the ability of judges to set aside laws that were inequitable.
E) a tradition of written law.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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The Etruscans were a northern Italian tribe that heavily influenced Rome in its early history.

A) True
B) False

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Examine the intellectual world of the Romans.How did the Greeks influence the Romans? In what ways were they different?

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The intellectual world of the Romans was...

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How did trade shape the Roman world? How did trade work to bring the Roman world together?

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Trade played a crucial role in shaping t...

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The leader who,supported by the Roman aristocrats,led a slaughter of more than ten thousand of his political enemies was


A) Gaius Marius.
B) Lucius Cornelius Sulla.
C) Julius Caesar.
D) Gaius Gracchus.
E) Augustus Caesar.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Discuss the concept of pax romana.What were the outstanding characteristics of this period? How were the Romans able to unify this region and hold it together for such a long period of time?

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Pax Romana, which translates to "Roman P...

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