Question 1

In which of the following situations would speciation be most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  A population of juniper shrubs is split in two by a canyon. Every year, strong winds carry a small amount of the shrubs' pollen across the canyon.
B)  A Japanese mollusk species whose larvae are often carried from port to port in ship bilge (waste) water now flourishes in San Francisco Bay, a busy commercial port.
C)  Bighorn sheep occupy mountains from Canada to Death Valley in Southern California, interbreeding all the way. The populations at the two ends of the range live in very different environments.
D)  Seven monkeys escape from an enclosure. To everyone's surprise, they establish a small but viable population, coexisting successfully with humans in a partly suburban environment very different from their native African habitat.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The emergence of many diverse species from a common ancestor is called

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptive radiation.
B)  gradualism.
C)  allopatric speciation.
D)  hybridization.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Uplift and formation of a mountain range divide a freshwater snail species into two isolated populations. Erosion eventually lowers the mountain range and brings the two populations together again, but when they mate, the resulting hybrids all produce sterile young. This scenario is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation.
B)  allopatric speciation.
C)  incomplete speciation.
D)  diversifying speciation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 4

Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. Such a ritual constitutes a ________ ________ reproductive barrier.

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical; postzygotic
B)  behavioral; prezygotic
C)  temporal; prezygotic
D)  gametic; postzygoticE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

When a tetraploid flower pollinates a diploid flower of the parental species, the resulting offspring will be

Accepted Answer

A)  pentaploid and sterile.
B)  diploid and fertile.
C)  triploid and fertile.
D)  triploid and sterile.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Allopatric speciation is not likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no disruption in gene flow between two populations.
B)  a geographic barrier forms between two populations.
C)  several populations become isolated from one another as drying conditions cause a large body of water to become separate smaller bodies of water.
D)  separated populations adapt to different environmental conditions.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following would tend to promote adaptive radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  An organism has a very stable set of features and capabilities over long spans of evolutionary time.
B)  An organism colonizes an isolated area that is habitable but relatively devoid of life.
C)  An organism colonizes an area that already has a high level of existing species diversity.
D)  A single species goes extinct, but it has several competitors that quickly expand to assume its ecological roles.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Which species of wheat shown is polyploid?

Accepted Answer

A)  T)  monococcum
B)  the AB sterile hybrid
C)  T)  turgidum
D)  T)  tauschiiE) A) and B)
F) C) and D) C

Question 9

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
In the North Pacific Ocean, two groups of the same species of killer whales (Orcinus orca)  appear to be forming two different species based on what they eat. One group eats fish and the other eats mammals such as seals. Scientists can tell what they eat based on their teeth, because whales that feed on fish have significantly different wear patterns.
-Which of the following describes the type of speciation event that is occurring in these whales?

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation
B)  allopatric speciation
C)  geographic speciation
D)  polyploid speciationE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding the definition of species is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ecological species concept identifies species in terms of their ecological niches.
B)  The phylogenetic species concept defines a species as a set of organisms that shares a common ancestor and forms one branch on the tree of life.
C)  The morphological species concept relies upon comparing the DNA sequences of organisms.
D)  Under the biological species concept, the gap between species is maintained by reproductive isolation.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

A group of ants escaped from a picnic basket carried to the top of a mountain and thrived in this area where there were no other ants. Many years later descendants of these ants crawled into a picnic basket on the mountain and traveled back to the valley from which their ancestors had come. Which of these observations would cause you to conclude that the ants on top of the mountain had become a different species from those in the valley?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mountain ants and valley ants were different colors.
B)  The mountain ants and valley ants were different sizes.
C)  The mountain ants ate different food than the valley ants.
D)  The mountain ants could not mate with the valley ants.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The fossil record shows that for many plant and animal groups, the time between speciation events

Accepted Answer

A)  is usually about 50,000 years.
B)  varies greatly, but averages 6.5 million years.
C)  is usually greater than 40 million years.
D)  is equivalent to the length of one hundred generations of a species.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Speciation without geographic isolation is called ________ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric
B)  allopatric
C)  incomplete
D)  diversifyingE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Which butterfly has changed gradually but significantly from its ancestor through microevolutionary events that were not part of a speciation event?

Accepted Answer

A)  butterfly A
B)  butterfly B
C)  butterfly C
D)  butterfly DE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Two populations that have been separated by a river are most likely to become separate species if

Accepted Answer

A)  fur color is different in the two populations.
B)  genes controlling ear development become different so that members of one population have much longer ears than the other.
C)  genes controlling molecules on the surface of the sperm that bind with egg receptors are different in the two populations.
D)  feeding habits are different in the two populations.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above C

Question 16

Which of the following descriptions best represents the gradual model of speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Speciation occurs regularly as a result of the accumulation of many small changes.
B)  An isolated population differentiates quickly from its parent stock as it adapts to its local environment.
C)  Speciation occurs under unusual circumstances and therefore transitional fossils are hard to find.
D)  Species undergo little change over long periods interrupted only by short periods of rapid change.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of insect species that could interbreed but for the fact that one lives on goldenrod plants and the other on autumn daisies in the same general area?

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal isolation
B)  habitat isolation
C)  behavioral isolation
D)  gametic isolationE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
In the North Pacific Ocean, two groups of the same species of killer whales (Orcinus orca)  appear to be forming two different species based on what they eat. One group eats fish and the other eats mammals such as seals. Scientists can tell what they eat based on their teeth, because whales that feed on fish have significantly different wear patterns.
-Which of the following would not be a useful procedure to perform in determining whether or not this speciation has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compare teeth of whales alive today to teeth of whales in ancient samples.
B)  Compare DNA samples from fish-eaters and mammal-eaters.
C)  Compare stomach contents of whales from each of the two populations.
D)  Compare body shape of whales from each population.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the Galápagos finches is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Galápagos finch species differ in their feeding habitats.
B)  Each island in the Galápagos chain has one and only one isolated, unique species of Darwin's finch.
C)  Most speciation events of the Galápagos finches occurred when some finches made it to another island, evolved in isolation, and accumulated enough changes to become a new species.
D)  The evolution of the Galápagos finches is an excellent example of adaptive radiation.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Two species that occasionally mate and produce zygotes, but that have incompatible genes that prevent the resulting embryo from developing, are affected by

Accepted Answer

A)  gametic isolation.
B)  reduced hybrid fertility.
C)  reduced hybrid viability.
D)  hybrid breakdown.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 14: The Origin of Species

In which of the following situations would speciation be most likely to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

The emergence of many diverse species from a common ancestor is called

Correct Answer
verified

Uplift and formation of a mountain range divide a freshwater snail species into two isolated populations. Erosion eventually lowers the mountain range and brings the two populations together again, but when they mate, the resulting hybrids all produce sterile young. This scenario is an example of

Correct Answer
verified
B

Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. Such a ritual constitutes a reproductive barrier.

Correct Answer
verified

When a tetraploid flower pollinates a diploid flower of the parental species, the resulting offspring will be

Correct Answer
verified

Allopatric speciation is not likely to occur when

Correct Answer
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Which of the following would tend to promote adaptive radiation?

Correct Answer
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Which species of wheat shown is polyploid?

Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements regarding the definition of species is false?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The fossil record shows that for many plant and animal groups, the time between speciation events

Correct Answer
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Speciation without geographic isolation is called ________ speciation.

Correct Answer
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Which butterfly has changed gradually but significantly from its ancestor through microevolutionary events that were not part of a speciation event?

Correct Answer
verified

Two populations that have been separated by a river are most likely to become separate species if

Correct Answer
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C

Which of the following descriptions best represents the gradual model of speciation?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of insect species that could interbreed but for the fact that one lives on goldenrod plants and the other on autumn daisies in the same general area?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements about the Galápagos finches is false?

Correct Answer
verified

Two species that occasionally mate and produce zygotes, but that have incompatible genes that prevent the resulting embryo from developing, are affected by

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: The Origin of Species

In which of the following situations would speciation be most likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The emergence of many diverse species from a common ancestor is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Uplift and formation of a mountain range divide a freshwater snail species into two isolated populations. Erosion eventually lowers the mountain range and brings the two populations together again, but when they mate, the resulting hybrids all produce sterile young. This scenario is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. Such a ritual constitutes a ________ ________ reproductive barrier.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a tetraploid flower pollinates a diploid flower of the parental species, the resulting offspring will be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Allopatric speciation is not likely to occur when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would tend to promote adaptive radiation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which species of wheat shown is polyploid?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding the definition of species is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fossil record shows that for many plant and animal groups, the time between speciation events

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speciation without geographic isolation is called ________ speciation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which butterfly has changed gradually but significantly from its ancestor through microevolutionary events that were not part of a speciation event?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two populations that have been separated by a river are most likely to become separate species if

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following descriptions best represents the gradual model of speciation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of insect species that could interbreed but for the fact that one lives on goldenrod plants and the other on autumn daisies in the same general area?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the Galápagos finches is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two species that occasionally mate and produce zygotes, but that have incompatible genes that prevent the resulting embryo from developing, are affected by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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B

Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. Such a ritual constitutes a reproductive barrier.

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C

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C

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