Question 1

Approximately what proportion of the DNA in the human genome codes for proteins or functional RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  83%
B)  46%
C)  32%
D)  13%
E)  1) 5%F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Tumor suppressor genes

Accepted Answer

A)  are frequently overexpressed in cancerous cells.
B)  are cancer-causing genes introduced into cells by viruses.
C)  can encode proteins that promote DNA repair or cell-cell adhesion.
D)  often encode proteins that stimulate the cell cycle.
E)  all of the aboveF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The cancer-causing forms of the Ras protein are involved in which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  relaying a signal from a growth factor receptor
B)  DNA replication
C)  DNA repair
D)  cell-cell adhesion
E)  cell divisionF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following mechanisms is (are) used to coordinately control the expression of multiple, related genes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  organization of the genes into clusters, with local chromatin structures influencing the expression of all the genes at once
B)  each of the genes sharing a common control element, allowing several activators to turn on their transcription, regardless of their location in the genome
C)  organizing the genes into large operons, allowing them to be transcribed as a single unit
D)  a single repressor able to turn off several related genes
E)  environmental signals that enter the cell and bind directly to their promotersF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is True about stem cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stem cells can continually reproduce and are not subject to mitotic control.
B)  Stem cells can differentiate into specialized cells.
C)  Stem cells are found only in bone marrow.
D)  Stem cells are found only in the adult human brain.
E)  Stem cell DNA lacks introns.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene

Accepted Answer

A)  is transcribed in the early embryo.
B)  normally leads to formation of tail structures.
C)  normally leads to formation of head structures.
D)  is a protein present in all head structures.
E)  leads to programmed cell death.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Forms of the ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication to stop
B)  DNA replication to be hyperactive
C)  cell-to-cell adhesion to be nonfunctional
D)  cell division to cease
E)  growth factor signaling to be hyperactiveF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Use the following scenario to answer the following questions.
Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome.
-If she moves the repressor gene (lac I) , along with its promoter, to a position at some several thousand base pairs away from its normal position, which will you expect to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  The repressor will no longer be made.
B)  The repressor will no longer bind to the operator.
C)  The repressor will no longer bind to the inducer.
D)  The lac operon will be expressed continuously.
E)  The lac operon will function normally.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 9

A researcher found a method she could use to manipulate and quantify phosphorylation and methylation in embryonic cells in culture. In one set of experiments using this procedure in Drosophila, she was readily successful in increasing phosphorylation of amino acids adjacent to methylated amino acids in histone tails. Which of the following results would she most likely see?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased chromatin condensation
B)  decreased chromatin concentration
C)  abnormalities of mouse embryos
D)  decreased binding of transcription factors
E)  inactivation of the selected genesF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The product of the bicoid gene in Drosophila could be considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  tissue-specific protein.
B)  cytoplasmic determinant.
C)  maternal effect.
D)  inductive signal.
E)  fertilization product.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

The MyoD protein

Accepted Answer

A)  can promote muscle development in all cell types.
B)  is a transcription factor that binds to and activates the transcription of muscle-related genes.
C)  was used by researchers to convert differentiated muscle cells into liver cells.
D)  magnifies the effects of other muscle proteins.
E)  is a target for other proteins that bind to it.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

The gene for which protein would most likely be expressed as a result of MyoD activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  myosin
B)  crystallin
C)  albumin
D)  hemoglobin
E)  DNA polymeraseF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

This protein is produced by a regulatory gene:

Accepted Answer

A)  operon
B)  inducer
C)  promoter
D)  repressor
E)  corepressorF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

A mutation in this section of DNA could influence the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA:

Accepted Answer

A)  operon
B)  inducer
C)  promoter
D)  repressor
E)  corepressorF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

This binds to a site in the DNA far from the promoter to stimulate transcription:

Accepted Answer

A)  enhancer
B)  promoter
C)  activator
D)  repressor
E)  terminatorF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Use the following scenario to answer the following questions.
Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome.
-If glucose is available in the environment of E. coli, the cell responds with very low concentration of cAMP. When the cAMP increases in concentration, it binds to CAP. Which of the following would you expect would then be a measurable effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased concentration of the lac enzymes
B)  increased concentration of the trp enzymes
C)  decreased binding of the RNA polymerase to sugar metabolism-related promoters
D)  decreased concentration of alternative sugars in the cell
E)  increased concentrations of sugars such as arabinose in the cellF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

How does active CAP induce expression of the genes of the lactose operon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It terminates production of repressor molecules.
B)  It degrades the substrate allolactose.
C)  It stimulates splicing of the encoded genes.
D)  It stimulates the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter.
E)  It binds steroid hormones and controls translation.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, gene expression is primarily regulated at the level of

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription.
B)  translation.
C)  mRNA stability.
D)  mRNA splicing.
E)  protein stability.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

This can inhibit transcription by blocking the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA:

Accepted Answer

A)  enhancer
B)  promoter
C)  activator
D)  repressor
E)  terminatorF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Transcription factors in eukaryotes usually have DNA binding domains as well as other domains also specific for binding. In general, which of the following would you expect many of them to be able to bind?

Accepted Answer

A)  repressors
B)  ATP
C)  protein-based hormones
D)  other transcription factors
E)  tRNAF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 18: Control of Gene Expression

The product of the bicoid gene in Drosophila could be considered a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following mechanisms is (are) used to coordinately control the expression of multiple, related genes in eukaryotic cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The MyoD protein

Correct Answer
verified

How does active CAP induce expression of the genes of the lactose operon?

Correct Answer
verified

Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is True about stem cells?

Correct Answer
verified

This protein is produced by a regulatory gene:

Correct Answer
verified

Transcription factors in eukaryotes usually have DNA binding domains as well as other domains also specific for binding. In general, which of the following would you expect many of them to be able to bind?

Correct Answer
verified

This binds to a site in the DNA far from the promoter to stimulate transcription:

Correct Answer
verified

The cancer-causing forms of the Ras protein are involved in which of the following processes?

Correct Answer
verified

Approximately what proportion of the DNA in the human genome codes for proteins or functional RNA?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Forms of the ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Tumor suppressor genes

Correct Answer
verified

The gene for which protein would most likely be expressed as a result of MyoD activity?

Correct Answer
verified

A mutation in this section of DNA could influence the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA:

Correct Answer
verified

In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, gene expression is primarily regulated at the level of

Correct Answer
verified

This can inhibit transcription by blocking the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 18: Control of Gene Expression

The product of the bicoid gene in Drosophila could be considered a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mechanisms is (are) used to coordinately control the expression of multiple, related genes in eukaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The MyoD protein

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does active CAP induce expression of the genes of the lactose operon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is True about stem cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This protein is produced by a regulatory gene:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transcription factors in eukaryotes usually have DNA binding domains as well as other domains also specific for binding. In general, which of the following would you expect many of them to be able to bind?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This binds to a site in the DNA far from the promoter to stimulate transcription:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cancer-causing forms of the Ras protein are involved in which of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what proportion of the DNA in the human genome codes for proteins or functional RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Forms of the ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tumor suppressor genes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gene for which protein would most likely be expressed as a result of MyoD activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation in this section of DNA could influence the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, gene expression is primarily regulated at the level of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This can inhibit transcription by blocking the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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