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Which of the following case histories did NOT involve a tsunami?


A) Kobe, Japan in 1995
B) Indonesia in 2004
C) Tōhoku, Japan in 2011
D) Lituya Bay, Alaska in 1958

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Which of the following signs should NOT cause a person to leave a coastal area due to the threat of a tsunami?


A) An earthquake is felt near a susceptible coastline area.
B) The ocean begins to recede showing the ocean floor.
C) A tsunami siren is heard.
D) A giant wall of water is seen moving towards the beach.
E) Change in wind direction from blowing onshore to blowing offshore.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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The Indonesian tsunami was one of the worst natural disasters on record. A) Explain the most important reasons why you think that it became the disaster that it did. B) If you were in charge of making a mitigation plan for Indonesia, what are the three most important things that you would put in place and why.

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A) The most important reasons why the In...

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Which of the following describes the tsunami at Krakatoa in 1883?


A) M 9 earthquake triggered a 10 m tsunami (up to 40 m high in certain locations) , which caused the meltdown of 3 nuclear reactors and killed more than 20,000 people in a country that has many high seawalls that were built to protect it from tsunamis.
B) M 9 earthquake triggered a 10 m tsunami, which was the deadliest tsunami ever, killing more than 200,000 people in several countries.
C) M 7.7 earthquake triggered a massive landslide, which fell into the water and caused water to surge over 500 m above the normal water level.
D) Volcanic explosion caused part of the volcano to collapse into the ocean, producing a 35 m tsunami that killed 36,000 people.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following describes what happens to tsunami waves as they move towards the shore?


A) Increase in amplitude and decrease in speed
B) Decrease in amplitude and increase in speed
C) Decrease in both amplitude and speed
D) Increase in both amplitude and speed

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Any earthquake in the oceanic crust has the potential to cause a tsunami to form, it mainly depends on the direction that the rocks move during faulting.

A) True
B) False

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A tsunami is a wave in the ocean


A) usually caused by earthquakes.
B) usually caused by tides.
C) usually caused by hurricanes.
D) seen only in Japan.
E) seen only in the summer months.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The East Coast United States is at risk for tsunami. A) Describe the possible trigger for this tsunami. B) Explain what effects the tsunami could have for East Coast areas. C) Describe how officials might warn people once the tsunami is triggered. D) Do you think that U.S. officials could prevent a catastrophe for the East Coast if the tsunami were to be triggered?

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A) Possible trigger for U.S. east coast ...

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There is no way to know where a tsunami is likely to occur.

A) True
B) False

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Does human activity affect the magnitude, i.e., the amplitude, of tsunamis?


A) Yes. Human structures on the shoreline increase the wave amplitude.
B) Yes. Human use of the water increases the wave amplitude.
C) Yes. Human use of the water decreases the wave amplitude.
D) Yes. Global warming increases the wave amplitude.
E) No. Human activity does not increase or decrease the wave amplitude.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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There are no natural service functions of tsunamis; they only cause negative impacts such as death and destruction.

A) True
B) False

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Describe the likely cause of a tsunami in the Pacific Northwest of the United States.

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The Pacific Northwest of the United Stat...

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Probability analysis can now tell us precisely when and where a tsunami is likely to occur.

A) True
B) False

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What is the difference between a distant tsunami and local tsunami?


A) Distant tsunamis aren't dangerous.
B) Distant tsunamis move farther from their source before they hit land.
C) Distant tsunamis are larger than local tsunamis.
D) Distant tsunamis are triggered in remote parts of the ocean whereas local tsunamis are triggered near the continents.
E) Distant tsunamis hit the same area after the local tsunamis.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Human activity does not affect tsunami magnitude or frequency. This being the case, how should humans deal with the tsunami threat?

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For coastal areas with a significant tsu...

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One of the largest tsunami waves on record was triggered by a rockfall into a bay. Explain how the rockfall would trigger the tsunami and why it would have been so large.

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After 30.5 million cubic meters of rock ...

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Which of the following regions has the LEAST risk from tsunamis?


A) Japan
B) Pacific Northwest coast of the U.S.
C) Northeastern coast of the Indian Ocean
D) Hawaii
E) Atlantic coast of the U.S.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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How is a "Run-up Map" created and how does it help to minimize the tsunami hazard?

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A tsunami runup map shows the level to w...

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It was said that scuba divers who were out in the ocean came up after the Indonesian tsunami passed to find the land devastated. They didn't see a thing. Could that have happened? Explain why or why not.

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Yes, this could have happened. Scuba div...

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An important reason for the extraordinarily high death toll in the Indonesian tsunami of 2004 around the Indian Ocean was that


A) people ignored warning sirens that were sounding and instead went to coastal areas to watch the incoming tsunami.
B) panicking elephants created a stampede that crushed many people.
C) there was no warning system to alert people to evacuate.
D) buildings were not built to withstand a tsunami.
E) tsunamis had never occurred in that area before.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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