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The Virginia Company's establishment of the headright system in 1618


A) gave every former indentured servant fifty acres of land, which created the basis for a more socially equal society than that of Massachusetts.
B) gave fifty acres of land to any colonist who paid for his own or another's passage, which in effect awarded large estates to anyone who brought in a sizable number of servants.
C) gave widows the entirety of their husbands' properties in perpetuity, which undermined the patriarchal social order.
D) forbade the development of large plantations, which hindered the spread of tobacco farming.
E) abolished indentured servitude and slavery and dispersed all plantation owners' lands to former servants and slaves.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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When Roger Williams established the colony of Rhode Island


A) he required voters there to be members of a Puritan church.
B) the king refused to give it a charter, and it remained a renegade colony until Williams died.
C) he made sure that it was more democratic than Massachusetts Bay.
D) he felt that too much democracy would be bad because it might interfere with religious freedom.
E) the colony became a haven for Protestants of all kinds, but it banned Jews.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In early seventeenth-century Massachusetts, freeman status was granted to adult males who


A) owned land, regardless of their church membership.
B) had served their term as indentured servants.
C) were freed slaves.
D) were landowning church members.
E) raised cash crops for the colony.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The colonization efforts of which European power resulted in the most thorough displacement of Indians over time?


A) Portugal
B) Spain
C) England
D) France
E) Netherlands

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In British America, unlike other New World empires, Indians performed most of the labor in the colonies.

A) True
B) False

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What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity?


A) cotton
B) fur
C) tobacco
D) indigo
E) sugar

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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Which is true of the approach taken by English colonies to Native American land in the seventeenth century?


A) The English usually acquired land from the Native Americans by forcing treaties on them.
B) The first English colonists sought the permission of local Indian chiefs before establishing settlements.
C) English leaders encouraged settlers to establish farms on Native American land in order to provoke warfare, which inevitably resulted in treaties favoring the English.
D) The English did not acknowledge that the Native Americans had any rights to their ancestral lands.
E) Puritan preachers made popular the argument that only Indians who converted to Christianity could claim ownership to any land.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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The first settlers to Massachusetts were nearly identical in makeup to the first Jamestown settlers.

A) True
B) False

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How did Pocahontas play a key role in Jamestown society?


A) She served as an intermediary between Powhatan and English leaders, transporting food and messages.
B) Her marriage to John Rolfe led to many more interracial marriages between Indians and the English.
C) She became a symbol of the animosity between settlers and Indians and was denied entry to King James I's court.
D) She married John Smith and led the Jamestown colony alongside him, leading to an alliance between the English and Indians.
E) Her conversion to Christianity led to the majority of Native Americans in her village to switch to the Church of England.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Early settlers of Jamestown preferred seeking gold to farming.

A) True
B) False

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Treatment of the Indians by members of the Virginia colony was influenced in part by Las Casas's condemnation of Spanish behavior.

A) True
B) False

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Compare the Chesapeake and New England colonies. Explore the various reasons for the colonists' emigrating to the New World, their economies, gender roles, demographics, religion, and relations with the Indians. How did land ownership compare from one region to the other? Which pattern of settlement is more representative of American development after the seventeenth century?

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Roger Williams imagined Rhode Island as a feudal domain.

A) True
B) False

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What was one difference between life in New England and in the Chesapeake in the seventeenth century?


A) The Chesapeake was a far healthier environment, so more children survived infancy there than in New England.
B) Tobacco plantations dominated New England, while family farms dominated the Chesapeake.
C) Religious beliefs were less influential on New England society.
D) Patriarchal family patterns emerged quickly in New England but more slowly in the Chesapeake.
E) Chesapeake society was more socially unified, because the region had many more towns than New England.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Tobacco production in Virginia


A) enriched an emerging class of planters and certain members of the colonial government.
B) benefited from the endorsement of King James I.
C) declined after its original success, as Europeans learned the dangers of smoking.
D) resulted in more unified settlements, thanks to tobacco's propensity to grow only in certain areas of Virginia.
E) was under the control of two planters, Walter Raleigh and the Earl of Kent.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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It can be argued that conflict between the English settlers and local Indians in Virginia became inevitable when


A) the Native Americans realized that England wanted to establish a permanent and constantly expanding colony, not just a trading post.
B) Pocahontas married John Rolfe instead of her longtime suitor John Smith.
C) the House of Burgesses passed a law ordering Native Americans out of the colony.
D) Powhatan led an attack against the English settlers in 1644 that expanded into an all-out war that lasted for decades
E) Spain formed a military alliance with Powhatan and turned against the English.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In the seventeenth century, New England's economy


A) grew at a very slow rate because few settlers moved to the region.
B) suffered because most early settlers were poor and could not gain access to land.
C) centered on family farms and also involved the export of fish and timber.
D) boasted a significant manufacturing component that employed close to one-third of all men.
E) relied heavily on indentured servants in the labor force.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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What was one of the guiding principles of the Levellers?


A) They pushed for the common ownership of land.
B) They called for greatly expanded voting rights.
C) They opposed a written constitution on the grounds that it institutionalized social inequality.
D) They proposed to abolish Parliament entirely.
E) They sought to maintain the status quo through the establishment of social classes.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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In Puritan marriages


A) reciprocal affection and companionship were the ideal.
B) divorce was not allowed.
C) husbands could beat their wives without interference from the authorities.
D) wives were banned from attending church services.
E) women could speak only when spoken to.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The English increasingly viewed America as a land where a man could control his own labor and thus gain independence.

A) True
B) False

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