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Exam 11: Social Psychology

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Question 81

Multiple Choice

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Professor Lannigan specializes in human behavioral genetics.Which of the following research methods is she NOT likely touse in her research?

A) study identical twins who have been raised apart
B) compare adopted individuals to their adoptive families and their biological families
C) measure similarities and differences among people who are genetically related in differing degrees
D) use genetic engineering to alter specific genes and then observe the effects on a person's personality traits or behavior

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Question 82

True/False

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There is no evidence for the existence of 16 distinctly different personality types as claimed by the developers of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).

A) True
B) False

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Question 83

Multiple Choice

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Dr. Kildare gave his patient a lengthy test that involved more than 500 questions. The patient was instructed to respond to each statement with either "True," "False," or "Cannot say."Dr. Kildare told his patient that the test would be scored by computer, but that he would analyze the results and discuss them with her. Most likely, Dr. Kildare's patient has taken which personality test?

In contrast to the psychoanalytic idea that behavior is determined by unconscious motives, the social cognitive perspective emphasizes the idea that people have the capacity to consciously control and direct their own behavior.

Which approach to personality focuses primarily on describing individual differences?

Zelda describes herself as shy, hard working, compassionate,and organized. Zelda's analysis of her own personality is most similar to which perspective on personality?

A self-report inventory that determines a person's personalitytype by measuring his or her preferred way of dealing with information, making decisions, and interacting with others, iscalled the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).

Four-year-old Brooke throws a tantrum when her parents want to leave the playground and go home. Instead of punishing her, Brooke's parents patiently and lovingly try toteach Brooke a more acceptable way of coping with disappointment and frustration. Using Carl Rogers'sterminology, Brooke is experiencing a high degree of _____from her parents.

Regarding the relative consistency of personality traits across different situations, most researchers today believe that:

Who wrote The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, Civilization and Its Discontents, and The Interpretation of Dreams?

According to Sigmund Freud, the new born infant is motivated by:

The reality principle requires the capacity to postpone gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances existin the external world.

According to reciprocal determinism:

Identify the personality theorist who said, "To be a human being means to have inferiority feelings. In the mentally healthy person, this inferiority feeling acts as a motive for productivity, as a motive for attempting to overcome obstacles, to maintain oneself in life."

Even before she enrolled in college, Diana's dream was to become a veterinarian. She is taking several college classes required to apply to a veterinary school. Diana's possible selves are likely to have a positive effect on:

Psychologist Colin DeYoung and his colleagues had over 100male and female participants undergo MRI scans and also take the NEO Personality Inventory, a personality test that isused to measure the Big Five. The researchers then compared the brain scans and the personality test results. What was one of the results that they found?

Your subjective belief about your ability to meet the demandsof a particular situation is called:

Freud used the term libido to describe the superego's use of guilt as a motivating force.

Because Freud's ideas have been confirmed by extensive experimental evidence, contemporary psychologists believe that his psychoanalytic theory is still the most accurate depiction of human personality.

Carl Rogers believed that when a person experiences incongruence or conditional positive regard, he or she is likely to use unconscious defense mechanisms to fight off the psychicanxiety.