Question 1

You are about to undergo delicate brain surgery that requires great skill on the part of the surgeon. As the surgical team wheels you into the operating room, you hope the surgeon has a high level of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   ego
B)   extraversion
C)   self-efficacy
D)   superegoE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Pleasure principle is to _______ as reality principle is to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   id; superego
B)   superego; id
C)   id; ego
D)   ego; idE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

When one thinks of "value judgment" in relation to moral or ethical behavior, one is thinking about ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   soul
B)   character
C)   temperament
D)   conscienceE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

What did Gordon Allport think about traits?

Accepted Answer

A)   He thought they were like stages.
B)   He thought they were wired into the nervous system.
C)   He thought they were learned.
D)   He thought they were the result of cognitive modeling.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

According to Rogers, one's perception of whom one should be or would like to be is called the real self.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Maria takes good notes in class. Whenever someone who has missed class due to illness asks her if he can copy her notes, she grips them tightly and says "No! They're mine, and I don't wish to share them." A psychoanalytic theorist would probably contend that Maria has a(n)  _______ fixation.

Accepted Answer

A)   oral
B)   anal
C)   phallic
D)   genitalE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Secondary appraisal involves classifying the stressor as a threat or challenge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A person who is ambitious, time conscious, extremely hardworking, easily annoyed, and tends to have high levels of hostility and anger is said to be exhibiting a ________ personality.

Accepted Answer

A)   Type A
B)   Type S
C)   Type B
D)   Type CE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

_______ name the theory that emphasizes the concept that humans are positively motivated and progress toward higher levels of functioning.

Accepted Answer

A)   Humanistic
B)   Psychoanalytic
C)   Social learning
D)   TraitE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

In Sigmund Freud's theory, the _______ operates according to the pleasure principle.

Accepted Answer

A)   id
B)   ego
C)   thanatos
D)   superegoE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Carolyn took home some printer paper from the office. Later, she felt guilty for stealing it, so she brought some paper to work to replace what she took. Freud would suggest that Carolyn's ________ was influencing her motives and behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   id
B)   unconscious mind
C)   ego
D)   superegoE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which defense mechanism figured prominently in the theory of Alfred Adler?

Accepted Answer

A)   repression
B)   compensation
C)   depression
D)   rationalizationE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Unconditional positive regard is most important to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Freud
B)   Jung
C)   Maslow
D)   RogersE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages focus on several parts of the body, identified as _______zones, each of which is responsible for providing pleasurable feelings.

Accepted Answer

A)   focal
B)   erogenous
C)   pleasure
D)   unconsciousE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Interviews in which the interviewer asks questions about any material that comes up and asks follow-up questions whenever appropriate are known as ______ interviews.

Accepted Answer

A)   unstructured
B)   structured
C)   global
D)   wide-focusE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

A personality that consisted of only the ego and the id would be completely ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   illogical
B)   selfless
C)   rational
D)   amoralE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Albert Bandura's notion that people are affected by their environment, but can also influence that environment, is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-efficacy
B)   locus of control
C)   phenomenology
D)   reciprocal determinismE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following choices describes the cultural personality of the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   individualistic
B)   high in power distance
C)   low in individualism
D)   high in uncertainty avoidanceE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

When looking at a glass that is neither completely full nor completely empty, a(n)  ________ might say "that glass is half full," while a(n)  ________ might say "no, that glass is half empty!"

Accepted Answer

A)   pessimist; optimist
B)   realist; pessimist
C)   optimist; realist
D)   optimist; pessimistE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

"I didn't get the job even though I was the most qualified applicant because the company has to hire a minority worker." This probably illustrates which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   rationalization
B)   denial
C)   repression
D)   projectionE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 11: Theories of Personality

Carolyn took home some printer paper from the office. Later, she felt guilty for stealing it, so she brought some paper to work to replace what she took. Freud would suggest that Carolyn's ________ was influencing her motives and behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pleasure principle is to _______ as reality principle is to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secondary appraisal involves classifying the stressor as a threat or challenge.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A personality that consisted of only the ego and the id would be completely ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maria takes good notes in class. Whenever someone who has missed class due to illness asks her if he can copy her notes, she grips them tightly and says "No! They're mine, and I don't wish to share them." A psychoanalytic theorist would probably contend that Maria has a(n) _______ fixation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages focus on several parts of the body, identified as _______zones, each of which is responsible for providing pleasurable feelings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"I didn't get the job even though I was the most qualified applicant because the company has to hire a minority worker." This probably illustrates which defense mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What did Gordon Allport think about traits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which defense mechanism figured prominently in the theory of Alfred Adler?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who is ambitious, time conscious, extremely hardworking, easily annoyed, and tends to have high levels of hostility and anger is said to be exhibiting a ________ personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following choices describes the cultural personality of the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When one thinks of "value judgment" in relation to moral or ethical behavior, one is thinking about ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Sigmund Freud's theory, the _______ operates according to the pleasure principle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Albert Bandura's notion that people are affected by their environment, but can also influence that environment, is known as __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When looking at a glass that is neither completely full nor completely empty, a(n) ________ might say "that glass is half full," while a(n) ________ might say "no, that glass is half empty!"

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are about to undergo delicate brain surgery that requires great skill on the part of the surgeon. As the surgical team wheels you into the operating room, you hope the surgeon has a high level of _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ name the theory that emphasizes the concept that humans are positively motivated and progress toward higher levels of functioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unconditional positive regard is most important to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Rogers, one's perception of whom one should be or would like to be is called the real self.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Interviews in which the interviewer asks questions about any material that comes up and asks follow-up questions whenever appropriate are known as ______ interviews.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Pleasure principle is to _ as reality principle is to _.

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When looking at a glass that is neither completely full nor completely empty, a(n) might say "that glass is half full," while a(n) might say "no, that glass is half empty!"

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