Question 1

As students grow older,they are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Hold themselves to unrealistically high standards for performance.
B)  Be satisfied with low levels of performance.
C)  Evaluate their own performance in terms of how it compares with that of their classmates.
D)  Evaluate their own performance in terms of how much improvement it shows over time.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Which one of the following alternatives best reflects how the textbook defines students at risk?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students with a strong probability of becoming long-term substance abusers
B)  Students likely to have poor long-term developmental outcomes
C)  Students who show a pattern of criminal-like behavior by the age of 14
D)  Students who have had numerous encounters with the criminal justice systemE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

A large social group in which the members show strong loyalty to each other,have strict rules,and have specific initiation rites is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  A clique.
B)  A subculture.
C)  A norm group.
D)  A gang.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which one of the following is the best example of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Max refuses to do the tasks his teacher assigns because he doesn't want to look foolish when he fails at them.
B)  Julie and Isabelle giggle as they try to imitate the haughty snobbishness of the head cheerleader.
C)  Rhonda needs to be around other people all the time; she gets bored when she has to entertain herself.
D)  Luke tries to anticipate how Sheila might respond if he backs out of the science project the two of them have agreed to do together.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Which one of the following statements reflects Kohlberg's preconventional moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It's okay to cheat on this exam because the teacher isn't watching me."
B)  "It isn't fair to the students who studied hard if I cheat."
C)  "Cheating is against school rules,so I shouldn't do it."
D)  "The most popular boy in school cheats all the time,so I guess I can too."E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Marietta is a high school student. Considering what psychologists have learned about the effects of gender schemas,and without knowing anything else about Marietta,in which area would you expect her to have the strongest motivation to do well?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dressing fashionably
B)  Pursuing a career in electrical engineering
C)  Becoming a world-renowned body builder
D)  Mastering auto mechanicsE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

One of your students,Janet,seems to go out of her way to make other children feel bad. Sometimes she spreads malicious,untrue rumors about people. Sometimes she convinces some of her classmates to snub others by ignoring them,excluding them from group activities,and so on. With Janet's behavior in mind:
a. Determine whether she is displaying physical or relational aggression.
b. Determine whether she is displaying proactive or reactive aggression.
c. Drawing on what psychologists have learned about the underlying cognitive causes of aggression,identify three possible reasons why Janet may be acting so aggressively.

Accepted Answer

a. Janet is displaying relational aggres...

Question 8

Which one of the following is the best example of relational aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emilia punches her boyfriend when he cancels their date in order to go drinking with his buddies.
B)  Rich accidentally drops his books on Marcie's foot.
C)  When the school bully pushes Nolan to the ground,his friend Jay-normally a well-behaved student-hits the bully in the face.
D)  Judy and Martha stop speaking to their friend Claudia when she starts dating a boy they don't like.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Three of the following strategies are likely to promote moral development. Which one,although possibly appropriate in certain situations,is not likely to promote students' moral development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Giving students reasons why some behaviors are unacceptable
B)  Having students discuss moral issues related to classroom subject matter
C)  Making sure that students know who is "boss" in the classroom
D)  Modeling morally appropriate behaviorE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Which one of the following most accurately describes the difference between personality and temperament?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality involves a child's emotional characteristics; temperament is more related to a child's interpersonal inclinations and skills.
B)  Temperament involves a child's emotional characteristics; personality is more related to a child's interpersonal inclinations and skills.
C)  Personality is based largely in biology; temperament is the result of both personality and environmental factors.
D)  Temperament is based largely in biology; personality is the result of both temperament and environmental factors.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Which one of the following best illustrates self-efficacy rather than general self-concept or self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anne is pretty sure she can win a spot on the school's dance squad if she practices her routine every day until the tryouts.
B)  Brandi thinks of herself as being more intelligent than most of her classmates.
C)  Connor has little faith in his ability to learn new things,and so he does whatever he can to avoid doing assigned classroom tasks.
D)  Darvin is convinced that no one likes him,even though most people really do.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which one of the following best illustrates what is meant by a sense of identity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carlos sees himself as a caring individual who is truly concerned about other people's lives and needs.
B)  Shea knows she could be a better dancer if she practiced more often.
C)  Drew wonders whether she should be a doctor or a lawyer.
D)  Noah feels confident that he will make new friends when he moves to a new school district next year.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Rachel dresses entirely in black every day. She has also dyed her hair black,paints her fingernails black,and wears a lot of black makeup around her eyes. She tends to hang out with peers who are equally "dark" in their appearance,although not all of these students are close friends with one another. Other students at school typically refer to these black-dressing classmates as "the goths." The goths can best be categorized as:

Accepted Answer

A)  A clique.
B)  A subculture.
C)  A gang.
D)  An in-group.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which one of the following should you definitely do if you suspect that one of your students is the victim of abuse or neglect at home?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keep a close eye on the student over the next few weeks,looking for additional evidence that either supports or disconfirms your suspicions.
B)  Spend some one-on-one time with the student in an effort to get him or her to confide in you.
C)  Immediately report your suspicions to a school administrator or social services.
D)  Temporarily lower your expectations for the student's academic performance until conditions at home seem to improve.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Which one of the following individuals is exhibiting postconventional (stage 5 or 6) reasoning as Kohlberg defined it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adam does what the teacher says because he knows he'll be punished if he doesn't.
B)  Barbara obeys the teacher because doing so increases the likelihood of good grades.
C)  Clara obeys the teacher because she understands rules are useful,but would disobey them if she believed that they violated her own ethical principles.
D)  Don obeys the teacher because school rules say he must obey her,and it is his duty to obey school rules.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Sixteen-year-old Reynelda has known since she was 4 years old that she will become a teacher. Her grandmother was a teacher,and her mother and two aunts are teachers. She's never really even thought about any other occupation. Reynelda can best be described as showing:

Accepted Answer

A)  Identity diffusion.
B)  Foreclosure.
C)  Moratorium.
D)  Identity achievement.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

As a 17-year-old high school senior,Julian has no sense of direction. Over the past year he has dabbled in auto mechanics,photography,and Buddhism,but nothing has held his interest for more than a month or so. Julian can best be described as showing:

Accepted Answer

A)  Foreclosure.
B)  Moratorium.
C)  Identity diffusion.
D)  Identity achievement.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

As a teacher,you've just learned that a child with a mild form of an autism spectrum disorder has been assigned to your classroom for the coming year. Which one of the following characteristics is most likely to be true for this student?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low self-esteem
B)  Poor social skills
C)  General disregard for classroom rules
D)  Virtually no interest in academic subject matterE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Kevin tells himself,"Even though Grandpa just died,I mustn't cry at school today,or the other kids will laugh at me." This situation illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  The personal fable phenomenon.
B)  Resilience.
C)  Hormonal differences.
D)  Self-socialization.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which one of the following statements is most accurate about the effects of peer groups and peer pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peer pressure is strongest in the primary grades,when children first enter school.
B)  Peer pressure is strongest during the late high school years,as students approach graduation.
C)  Peer groups may encourage either desirable qualities (e.g.,honesty) or undesirable qualities (e.g.,violence) .
D)  When a particular peer group discourages academic achievement,members of that group will always achieve lower class grades than they are capable of achieving.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 7: Personal, social, and Moral Development

Three of the following strategies are likely to promote moral development. Which one,although possibly appropriate in certain situations,is not likely to promote students' moral development?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following alternatives best reflects how the textbook defines students at risk?

Correct Answer
verified

As a 17-year-old high school senior,Julian has no sense of direction. Over the past year he has dabbled in auto mechanics,photography,and Buddhism,but nothing has held his interest for more than a month or so. Julian can best be described as showing:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following best illustrates self-efficacy rather than general self-concept or self-esteem?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following best illustrates what is meant by a sense of identity?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is the best example of relational aggression?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements is most accurate about the effects of peer groups and peer pressure?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is the best example of social cognition?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following individuals is exhibiting postconventional (stage 5 or 6) reasoning as Kohlberg defined it?

Correct Answer
verified

A large social group in which the members show strong loyalty to each other,have strict rules,and have specific initiation rites is known as:

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following should you definitely do if you suspect that one of your students is the victim of abuse or neglect at home?

Correct Answer
verified

Kevin tells himself,"Even though Grandpa just died,I mustn't cry at school today,or the other kids will laugh at me." This situation illustrates:

Correct Answer
verified

Marietta is a high school student. Considering what psychologists have learned about the effects of gender schemas,and without knowing anything else about Marietta,in which area would you expect her to have the strongest motivation to do well?

Correct Answer
verified

As students grow older,they are more likely to:

Correct Answer
verified

As a teacher,you've just learned that a child with a mild form of an autism spectrum disorder has been assigned to your classroom for the coming year. Which one of the following characteristics is most likely to be true for this student?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following most accurately describes the difference between personality and temperament?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
a. Janet is displaying relational aggres...
View Answer

Sixteen-year-old Reynelda has known since she was 4 years old that she will become a teacher. Her grandmother was a teacher,and her mother and two aunts are teachers. She's never really even thought about any other occupation. Reynelda can best be described as showing:

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements reflects Kohlberg's preconventional moral reasoning?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Personal, social, and Moral Development

Three of the following strategies are likely to promote moral development. Which one,although possibly appropriate in certain situations,is not likely to promote students' moral development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following alternatives best reflects how the textbook defines students at risk?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a 17-year-old high school senior,Julian has no sense of direction. Over the past year he has dabbled in auto mechanics,photography,and Buddhism,but nothing has held his interest for more than a month or so. Julian can best be described as showing:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following best illustrates self-efficacy rather than general self-concept or self-esteem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following best illustrates what is meant by a sense of identity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is the best example of relational aggression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements is most accurate about the effects of peer groups and peer pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is the best example of social cognition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following individuals is exhibiting postconventional (stage 5 or 6) reasoning as Kohlberg defined it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A large social group in which the members show strong loyalty to each other,have strict rules,and have specific initiation rites is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following should you definitely do if you suspect that one of your students is the victim of abuse or neglect at home?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kevin tells himself,"Even though Grandpa just died,I mustn't cry at school today,or the other kids will laugh at me." This situation illustrates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marietta is a high school student. Considering what psychologists have learned about the effects of gender schemas,and without knowing anything else about Marietta,in which area would you expect her to have the strongest motivation to do well?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As students grow older,they are more likely to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a teacher,you've just learned that a child with a mild form of an autism spectrum disorder has been assigned to your classroom for the coming year. Which one of the following characteristics is most likely to be true for this student?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following most accurately describes the difference between personality and temperament?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answerverifieda. Janet is displaying relational aggres...View AnswerShow Answer

Sixteen-year-old Reynelda has known since she was 4 years old that she will become a teacher. Her grandmother was a teacher,and her mother and two aunts are teachers. She's never really even thought about any other occupation. Reynelda can best be described as showing:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements reflects Kohlberg's preconventional moral reasoning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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a. Janet is displaying relational aggres...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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