Question 1

The autonomic nervous system innervates cardiac muscle,smooth muscles,and glands and is analogous to the part of the nervous system that innervates skeletal muscle.What type of neuron would innervate structures via the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neuron
B)  motor neuron
C)  interneuronD) B) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 2

Receptors for neurotransmitters are of primary functional importance in assuring one-way synaptic transmission because they are mostly found on the

Accepted Answer

A)  axonal membrane.
B)  axon hillock.
C)  postsynaptic dendritic membrane.
D)  presynaptic membrane.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Neural transmission across a mammalian synapse is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)  the movement of sodium and potassium ions from the presynaptic neuron into the postsynaptic neuron.
B)  impulses traveling as electrical currents across the synapse.
C)  impulses causing the release of a chemical signal and its diffusion across the synapse.
D)  impulses ricocheting back and forth across the synapse.
E)  the movement of calcium ions from the presynaptic into the postsynaptic neuron.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Please use the following information to answer the questions below.
The Arizona bark scorpion is the most venomous scorpion in North America,and its bite will cause extensive pain to a human that lasts up to three days.However,the southern grasshopper mouse is essentially immune to the sting of this scorpion and actually eats the scorpions as prey.Researchers have recently elucidated the neuronal reason for why the southern grasshopper mouse does not feel pain from bark scorpion venom.
-The southern grasshopper mouse essentially does not feel pain when stung by the bark scorpion.What type of neuron is most likely affected in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)  interneuron
B)  motor neuron
C)  sensory neuron
D)  glial cellsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following could be an effective treatment for curare poisoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  a drug that promotes acetylcholine reuptake into the presynaptic cells
B)  a drug that removes acetylcholine receptors from the postsynaptic cell
C)  a drug that inhibits acetylcholinesterase
D)  a drug that activates acetylcholinesteraseE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Figure 37.2
-Figure 37.2 shows many proteins in a neuron membrane.The first protein on the left is a sodium-potassium pump.What would happen if this protein became blocked and thus unable to function?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell's membrane potential would not change.
B)  The cell would hyperpolarize.
C)  The cell would depolarize.
D)  The potassium and sodium gradients would be eliminated.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B) D

Question 7

Action potentials are normally carried in only one direction: from the axon hillock toward the axon terminals.If you experimentally depolarize the middle of the axon to threshold,then

Accepted Answer

A)  no action potential will be initiated.
B)  an action potential will be initiated and proceed only in the normal direction toward the axon terminal.
C)  an action potential will be initiated and proceed only back toward the axon hillock.
D)  two action potentials will be initiated,one going toward the axon terminal and one going back toward the hillock.
E)  an action potential will be initiated,but it will die out before it reaches the axon terminal.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 8

The selectivity of a particular ion channel refers to its

Accepted Answer

A)  permitting passage by positive but not negative ions.
B)  permitting passage by negative but not positive ions.
C)  ability to change its size depending on the ion needing transport.
D)  binding with only one type of neurotransmitter.
E)  permitting passage only to a specific ion.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

A common feature of action potentials is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  cause the membrane to hyperpolarize and then depolarize.
B)  can undergo temporal and spatial summation.
C)  are triggered by a depolarization that reaches threshold.
D)  move at the same speed along all axons.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

In the sequence of permeability changes for a complete action potential,the first of these events that occurs is the

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of the sodium-potassium "pump."
B)  inhibition of the sodium-potassium "pump."
C)  opening of voltage-gated sodium channels.
D)  closing of voltage-gated potassium channels.
E)  opening of voltage-gated potassium channels.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

For a neuron with an initial membrane potential at -70 mV,an increase in the movement of potassium ions out of that neuro's cytoplasm would result in the

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization of the neuron.
B)  hyperpolarization of the neuron.
C)  replacement of potassium ions with sodium ions.
D)  replacement of potassium ions with calcium ions.
E)  neuron switching on its sodium-potassium pump to restore the initial conditions.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Neurotransmitters affect postsynaptic cells by (select all that apply) 
I.initiating signal transduction pathways in the cells.
II.causing molecular changes in the cells.
III.affecting ion-channel proteins.
IV.altering the permeability of the cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  II only
B)  I and III only
C)  II,III,and IV only
D)  I,II,and III only
E)  I,II,III,and IVF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Somatic motor neurons are used to transmit motor signals to muscles.For example,a somatic motor neuron carries a signal from your spinal cord to your biceps brachii so that you can flex your arm at the elbow.In this example,what is the correct sequence of neuronal structures that this signal would travel through in the motor neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites,cell body,axon,axon hillock,synaptic terminals,biceps brachii
B)  dendrites,cell body,axon hillock,axon,synaptic terminals,biceps brachii
C)  axon,cell body,synaptic terminals,dendrites,axon hillock,biceps brachii
D)  synaptic terminals,dendrites,cell body,axon,axon hillock,biceps brachiiE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Figure 37.2
-Suppose you are designing a drug to prevent action potential generation in neurons without compromising the ability of a neuron to receive information.What structure in Figure 37.2 should the drug target?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

In a simple synapse,neurotransmitter chemicals are received by

Accepted Answer

A)  the postsynaptic dendritic membrane.
B)  the postsynaptic axon membrane.
C)  the presynaptic dendritic membrane.
D)  the presynaptic axon membrane.E) All of the above
F) A) and B) A

Question 16

Researchers created a genetic strain of mice that were lacking both genes for MyRF,a transcription factor that is required for oligodendrocytes to function normally.What is the most likely effect that this would have on the mice?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of salutatory conduction
B)  thicker myelin sheaths
C)  impaired ability for potassium ions to cross neuronal membranes
D)  growth of dendritesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

ATP hydrolysis,and the binding of a phosphate to the pump,directly powers the movement of

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ out of cells.
B)  Na+ out of cells.
C)  Na+into cells.
D)  Ca2+ into cells.
E)  Cl- into cells.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

What happens when a resting neuron's membrane depolarizes?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a net diffusion of Na+ out of the cell.
B)  The equilibrium potential for K+ (EK) becomes more positive.
C)  The neuron's membrane voltage becomes more positive.
D)  The cell's inside is more negative than the outside.E) None of the above
F) All of the above C

Question 19

The surface on a neuron that discharges the contents of synaptic vesicles is the

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite.
B)  axon hillock.
C)  node of Ranvier.
D)  postsynaptic membrane.
E)  presynaptic membrane.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Where are neurotransmitter receptors located?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nuclear membrane
B)  the nodes of Ranvier
C)  the postsynaptic membrane
D)  synaptic vesicle membranesE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 37: Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

The autonomic nervous system innervates cardiac muscle,smooth muscles,and glands and is analogous to the part of the nervous system that innervates skeletal muscle.What type of neuron would innervate structures via the autonomic nervous system?

Correct Answer
verified

Receptors for neurotransmitters are of primary functional importance in assuring one-way synaptic transmission because they are mostly found on the

Correct Answer
verified

Neural transmission across a mammalian synapse is accomplished by

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following could be an effective treatment for curare poisoning?

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 37.2 -Figure 37.2 shows many proteins in a neuron membrane.The first protein on the left is a sodium-potassium pump.What would happen if this protein became blocked and thus unable to function?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Action potentials are normally carried in only one direction: from the axon hillock toward the axon terminals.If you experimentally depolarize the middle of the axon to threshold,then

Correct Answer
verified

The selectivity of a particular ion channel refers to its

Correct Answer
verified

A common feature of action potentials is that they

Correct Answer
verified

In the sequence of permeability changes for a complete action potential,the first of these events that occurs is the

Correct Answer
verified

For a neuron with an initial membrane potential at -70 mV,an increase in the movement of potassium ions out of that neuro's cytoplasm would result in the

Correct Answer
verified

Neurotransmitters affect postsynaptic cells by (select all that apply) I.initiating signal transduction pathways in the cells. II.causing molecular changes in the cells. III.affecting ion-channel proteins. IV.altering the permeability of the cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 37.2 -Suppose you are designing a drug to prevent action potential generation in neurons without compromising the ability of a neuron to receive information.What structure in Figure 37.2 should the drug target?

Correct Answer
verified

In a simple synapse,neurotransmitter chemicals are received by

Correct Answer
verified
A

Researchers created a genetic strain of mice that were lacking both genes for MyRF,a transcription factor that is required for oligodendrocytes to function normally.What is the most likely effect that this would have on the mice?

Correct Answer
verified

ATP hydrolysis,and the binding of a phosphate to the pump,directly powers the movement of

Correct Answer
verified

What happens when a resting neuron's membrane depolarizes?

Correct Answer
verified
C

The surface on a neuron that discharges the contents of synaptic vesicles is the

Correct Answer
verified

Where are neurotransmitter receptors located?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 37: Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

The autonomic nervous system innervates cardiac muscle,smooth muscles,and glands and is analogous to the part of the nervous system that innervates skeletal muscle.What type of neuron would innervate structures via the autonomic nervous system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Receptors for neurotransmitters are of primary functional importance in assuring one-way synaptic transmission because they are mostly found on the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neural transmission across a mammalian synapse is accomplished by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following could be an effective treatment for curare poisoning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 37.2 -Figure 37.2 shows many proteins in a neuron membrane.The first protein on the left is a sodium-potassium pump.What would happen if this protein became blocked and thus unable to function?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Action potentials are normally carried in only one direction: from the axon hillock toward the axon terminals.If you experimentally depolarize the middle of the axon to threshold,then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The selectivity of a particular ion channel refers to its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A common feature of action potentials is that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the sequence of permeability changes for a complete action potential,the first of these events that occurs is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For a neuron with an initial membrane potential at -70 mV,an increase in the movement of potassium ions out of that neuro's cytoplasm would result in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurotransmitters affect postsynaptic cells by (select all that apply) I.initiating signal transduction pathways in the cells. II.causing molecular changes in the cells. III.affecting ion-channel proteins. IV.altering the permeability of the cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 37.2 -Suppose you are designing a drug to prevent action potential generation in neurons without compromising the ability of a neuron to receive information.What structure in Figure 37.2 should the drug target?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a simple synapse,neurotransmitter chemicals are received by

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Researchers created a genetic strain of mice that were lacking both genes for MyRF,a transcription factor that is required for oligodendrocytes to function normally.What is the most likely effect that this would have on the mice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

ATP hydrolysis,and the binding of a phosphate to the pump,directly powers the movement of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What happens when a resting neuron's membrane depolarizes?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The surface on a neuron that discharges the contents of synaptic vesicles is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are neurotransmitter receptors located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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D

Correct Answer
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A

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C

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