Question 1

An organism that uses CO2 for its carbon needs would be called a(n)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   heterotroph
B)   autotroph
C)   chemoheterotroph
D)   saprobe
E)   halotrophF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The physician orders administration of an intravenous osmotic diuretic as the patient is en route to surgery. As the RN, you are familiar with the action of the drug, which increases the osmolality of the blood. Which of the following do you anticipate as the physiologic response to the administration of this medication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased extravascular volume and increased intravascular volume
B)   Decreased extravascular volume and decreased intravascular volume
C)   Increased extravascular volume and increased intravascular volume
D)   Increased extravascular volume and decreased intravascular volumeE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The term photoautotroph refers to an organism that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is a decomposer
B)   must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs
C)   gets energy from sunlight
D)   gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds
E)   does not need a carbon sourceF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

A microaerophile ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   grows best in an anaerobic jar
B)   grows with or without oxygen
C)   needs normal atmospheric levels of oxygen
D)   requires a small amount of oxygen but won't grow at normal atmospheric levels
E)   None of the choices are correctF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The term photoheterotroph refers to an organism that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   uses CO2 for its carbon source
B)   utilizes inorganic compounds for its carbon needs
C)   gets energy from sunlight
D)   gets energy by metabolizing organic matter of dead organisms
E)   does not need a carbon sourceF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

For a physician, treating a biofilm infection in a patient poses a significant challenge compared to treating an infection with planktonic bacteria. This is due to the fact that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the biofilm likely contains several different species of bacteria living in a thick, extracellular matrix that cannot be treated by routine antibiotic therapy
B)   planktonic bacteria and biofilm bacteria activate the same genes
C)   despite being a thick layer, the pH remains constant throughout the biofilm making the deep layers hard to penetrate
D)   planktonic bacteria secrete quorum-sensing proteins that interfere with the actions of the antibioticE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The period of growth between inoculation and when the cells adjust to their environment and begin growth at their maximum rate is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   lag phase
B)   exponential growth phase
C)   stationary growth phase
D)   death phaseE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

The time that it takes for a freshly inoculated agar culture to develop visible colonies is principally governed by the generation time of the inoculated species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Copper
B)   Carbon
C)   Hydrogen
D)   Nitrogen
E)   OxygenF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   facilitated diffusion
B)   diffusion
C)   active transport
D)   osmosis
E)   endocytosisF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Obligate saprobes can adapt to a living host.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following require the cell to use ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)   Facilitated diffusion
B)   Diffusion
C)   Endocytosis
D)   Osmosis
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Microorganisms require large quantities of ________ for use in cell structure and metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A)   elements
B)   macronutrients
C)   water
D)   growth factors
E)   trace elementsF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Organisms in a biofilm differ from planktonic bacteria in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   biofilms typically contain multiple species of bacteria living in a complex, whereas planktonic bacteria are single, free-floating organisms
B)   organisms in a biofilm secrete quorum-sensing chemicals to monitor the population; planktonic bacteria do not produce these chemicals
C)   an organism in a biofilm will activate different genes compared to a planktonic organism of the same genus and species
D)   organisms in a biofilm secrete extracellular materials to keep them anchored to a surface; these substances are not produced by free-floating bacteria
E)   All of the choices reflect differences between biofilms and planktonic bacteriaF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each ________ represents one ________ from the sample.

Accepted Answer

A)   cell; cell
B)   cell; colony
C)   colony; cell
D)   species; colony
E)   generation; cellF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

The toxic superoxide ion is converted to harmless oxygen by two enzymes, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   catalase and hydrogen peroxidases
B)   superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxidases
C)   superoxide dismutase and catalase
D)   catalase and oxidase
E)   superoxide dismutase and oxidaseF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Most microorganisms on earth can only live and survive in habitats that are similar to human body conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Prior to administration of the scheduled morning dose of verapamil, the patient's blood pressure is found to be low. What is the most appropriate action by the RN?

Accepted Answer

A)   Administer the medication as ordered
B)   Administer the medication and notify the physician
C)   Reassess the blood pressure in 30 minutes
D)   Administer a double dose of verapamil for the scheduled evening doseE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

The RN is familiar with the action of calcium channel blockers. By inhibiting the passage of calcium through ion channels, the drug targets which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Diffusion
B)   Active transport
C)   Passive transport
D)   OsmosisE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 6: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell?

Correct Answer
verified

The period of growth between inoculation and when the cells adjust to their environment and begin growth at their maximum rate is called the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Prior to administration of the scheduled morning dose of verapamil, the patient's blood pressure is found to be low. What is the most appropriate action by the RN?

Correct Answer
verified

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Most microorganisms on earth can only live and survive in habitats that are similar to human body conditions.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following require the cell to use ATP?

Correct Answer
verified

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each represents one from the sample.

Correct Answer
verified

A microaerophile ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Microorganisms require large quantities of ________ for use in cell structure and metabolism.

Correct Answer
verified

Organisms in a biofilm differ from planktonic bacteria in that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Obligate saprobes can adapt to a living host.

Correct Answer
verified

The term photoautotroph refers to an organism that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The RN is familiar with the action of calcium channel blockers. By inhibiting the passage of calcium through ion channels, the drug targets which of the following processes?

Correct Answer
verified

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

For a physician, treating a biofilm infection in a patient poses a significant challenge compared to treating an infection with planktonic bacteria. This is due to the fact that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The time that it takes for a freshly inoculated agar culture to develop visible colonies is principally governed by the generation time of the inoculated species.

Correct Answer
verified

The toxic superoxide ion is converted to harmless oxygen by two enzymes, ________.

Correct Answer
verified

An organism that uses CO₂ for its carbon needs would be called a(n) ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The term photoheterotroph refers to an organism that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The period of growth between inoculation and when the cells adjust to their environment and begin growth at their maximum rate is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prior to administration of the scheduled morning dose of verapamil, the patient's blood pressure is found to be low. What is the most appropriate action by the RN?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most microorganisms on earth can only live and survive in habitats that are similar to human body conditions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following require the cell to use ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each ________ represents one ________ from the sample.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A microaerophile ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microorganisms require large quantities of ________ for use in cell structure and metabolism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms in a biofilm differ from planktonic bacteria in that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Obligate saprobes can adapt to a living host.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term photoautotroph refers to an organism that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN is familiar with the action of calcium channel blockers. By inhibiting the passage of calcium through ion channels, the drug targets which of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For a physician, treating a biofilm infection in a patient poses a significant challenge compared to treating an infection with planktonic bacteria. This is due to the fact that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time that it takes for a freshly inoculated agar culture to develop visible colonies is principally governed by the generation time of the inoculated species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The toxic superoxide ion is converted to harmless oxygen by two enzymes, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism that uses CO2 for its carbon needs would be called a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term photoheterotroph refers to an organism that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each represents one from the sample.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

An organism that uses CO₂ for its carbon needs would be called a(n) ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified