Question 1

A hypothesis is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   observable relationship between specific independent and dependent variables.
B)   testable prediction that gives direction to research.
C)   set of principles that organizes observations and explains newly discovered facts.
D)   unprovable assumption about the unobservable processes that underlie psychological functioning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

A correlation of +0.70 between children's physical height and their popularity among their peers indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)   higher levels of popularity among peers is associated with greater physical height in children.
B)   there is no statistically significant relationship between children's height and their popularity.
C)   being unusually short or tall has a negative impact on children's popularity.
D)   children's height has no causal impact on their popularity.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Little Han's extreme fear of horses was observed as part of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   experiment.
B)   survey.
C)   case study.
D)   double-blind procedure.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

As the size of a representative sample increases, the ________ of that sample is most likely to decrease.

Accepted Answer

A)   range
B)   mean
C)   standard deviation
D)   medianE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a normal curve?

Accepted Answer

A)   The distribution is bell-shaped and symmetrical.
B)   Most scores fall near the mean.
C)   About 95 percent of all scores fall within one standard deviation on either side of the mean.
D)   The distribution describes many types of psychological data.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group. With respect to age, it is MOST likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Accepted Answer

A)   mode.
B)   median.
C)   mean.
D)   standard deviation.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

To assess the impact of test difficulty on persistence of effort, researchers plan to give one group of children relatively easy tests and another group more difficult tests. To reduce the chance that the children in one group are more intelligent than those in the other group, the researchers should make use of

Accepted Answer

A)   random assignment.
B)   the double-blind procedure.
C)   naturalistic observation.
D)   operational definitions.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Which research method assesses how well one variable predicts another without demonstrating a cause-effect relationship between the variables?

Accepted Answer

A)   naturalistic observation
B)   correlational research
C)   the case study
D)   the experimental methodE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   wording effect.
B)   correlation coefficient.
C)   placebo effect.
D)   confounding variable.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 10

What is the mode of the following distribution of scores: 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 14?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   4
C)   5
D)   6E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution is the

Accepted Answer

A)   mean.
B)   range.
C)   median.
D)   standard deviation.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

If a difference between two samples is NOT statistically significant, which of the following can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

A)   The difference is probably not a true one.
B)   The difference is probably not reliable.
C)   The difference could be due to sampling variation.
D)   All of these conclusions can be reached.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

In a survey, psychologists select a random sample of research participants in order to ensure that

Accepted Answer

A)   the participants are representative of the population they are interested in studying.
B)   there will be a large number of participants in the research study.
C)   the study will not be influenced by the researcher's personal values.
D)   the same number of participants will be assigned to each of the experimental conditions.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

To assess the influence of self-esteem on interpersonal attraction, researchers either insulted or complimented students about their physical appearance just before they went on a blind date. In this research, the dependent variable was

Accepted Answer

A)   insults or compliments.
B)   physical appearance.
C)   interpersonal attraction.
D)   feelings of self-esteem.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The case study is a research method in which

Accepted Answer

A)   a single individual is studied in great depth.
B)   a representative sample of people are questioned regarding their opinions or behaviors.
C)   organisms are carefully observed in a laboratory environment.
D)   an investigator manipulates one or more variables that might affect behavior.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

To discover the extent to which economic status can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to use

Accepted Answer

A)   the case study approach.
B)   naturalistic observation.
C)   correlational measures.
D)   experimental research.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as

Accepted Answer

A)   the survey.
B)   experimentation.
C)   naturalistic observation.
D)   the case study.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

A normal curve would approximate the distribution of

Accepted Answer

A)   males and females in the total American population.
B)   American children enrolled in each of the first through sixth grades.
C)   the physical heights of all American women.
D)   all of these data.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   the case study
B)   naturalistic observation
C)   the double-blind procedure
D)   the surveyE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

The precision with which a sample average approximates a population average increases as

Accepted Answer

A)   the standard deviation of the sample increases.
B)   the standard deviation of the sample decreases.
C)   the mean of the sample increases.
D)   the mean of the sample decreases.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 3: Research Strategies

In a survey, psychologists select a random sample of research participants in order to ensure that

Correct Answer
verified

Little Han's extreme fear of horses was observed as part of a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

The precision with which a sample average approximates a population average increases as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution is the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a normal curve?

Correct Answer
verified

To assess the influence of self-esteem on interpersonal attraction, researchers either insulted or complimented students about their physical appearance just before they went on a blind date. In this research, the dependent variable was

Correct Answer
verified

A hypothesis is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

The case study is a research method in which

Correct Answer
verified

A correlation of +0.70 between children's physical height and their popularity among their peers indicates that

Correct Answer
verified

Which research method assesses how well one variable predicts another without demonstrating a cause-effect relationship between the variables?

Correct Answer
verified

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?

Correct Answer
verified

A normal curve would approximate the distribution of

Correct Answer
verified

What is the mode of the following distribution of scores: 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 14?

Correct Answer
verified

To discover the extent to which economic status can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to use

Correct Answer
verified

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group. With respect to age, it is MOST likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Correct Answer
verified

As the size of a representative sample increases, the ________ of that sample is most likely to decrease.

Correct Answer
verified

If a difference between two samples is NOT statistically significant, which of the following can be concluded?

Correct Answer
verified

A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment is called a

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Research Strategies

In a survey, psychologists select a random sample of research participants in order to ensure that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Little Han's extreme fear of horses was observed as part of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The precision with which a sample average approximates a population average increases as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a normal curve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assess the influence of self-esteem on interpersonal attraction, researchers either insulted or complimented students about their physical appearance just before they went on a blind date. In this research, the dependent variable was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hypothesis is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The case study is a research method in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A correlation of +0.70 between children's physical height and their popularity among their peers indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which research method assesses how well one variable predicts another without demonstrating a cause-effect relationship between the variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A normal curve would approximate the distribution of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the mode of the following distribution of scores: 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 14?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To discover the extent to which economic status can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group. With respect to age, it is MOST likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the size of a representative sample increases, the ________ of that sample is most likely to decrease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a difference between two samples is NOT statistically significant, which of the following can be concluded?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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