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The perceptual tendency to group together stimuli that are near each other is called


A) interposition.
B) continuity.
C) proximity.
D) closure.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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The receptor cells that convert light energy into neural signals are called


A) bipolar cells.
B) ganglion cells.
C) rods and cones.
D) feature detectors.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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When viewing an object, we typically assume that the light originates from ________ the object.


A) behind
B) in front of
C) above
D) below

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Any given area of the retina relays its information to a corresponding location in the


A) hypothalamus.
B) oval window.
C) occipital lobe.
D) cerebellum.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Scientific analyses of the predictive powers of dreams offer support for the existence of


A) telepathy.
B) clairvoyance.
C) precognition.
D) none of these things.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Damage to the fovea would have the GREATEST effect on


A) night vision.
B) peripheral vision.
C) detecting fine detail.
D) sensory adaptation.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Thousands of controlled experiments indicate that


A) many people have ESP.
B) ESP exists only in a few specially gifted people.
C) there is no reliable evidence that anyone possesses ESP.
D) it is impossible to conduct scientifically valid tests of ESP.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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We compute motion based on the assumption that shrinking objects are


A) schemas.
B) retreating.
C) binocular cues.
D) fixation points.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The distorted room illusion involving two girls who are perceived as very different in size can best be explained in terms of


A) shape constancy.
B) retinal disparity.
C) the principle of continuity.
D) the misperception of distance.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Dilation and constriction of the pupil are controlled by the


A) optic nerve.
B) lens.
C) retina.
D) iris.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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During a radio ad, listeners are repeatedly asked, "What would life be without Fletchers Ice Cream?" At the end of the ad, the same question is cleverly interrupted immediately after the word "without." At that point, many listeners mentally respond with the words "Fletchers Ice Cream." Their response best illustrates the principle of


A) closure.
B) proximity.
C) interposition.
D) perceptual adaptation.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The Moon just above the horizon typically appears to be unusually


A) large because we perceive it as unusually close to ourselves.
B) bright because we perceive it as unusually close to ourselves.
C) large because we perceive it as unusually far away from ourselves.
D) bright because we perceive it as unusually far away from ourselves.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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