Question 1

Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gestaltist
B)   behaviorist
C)   structuralist
D)   functionalistE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

He is known as the "father of African American psychology."

Accepted Answer

A)   Francis Cecil Sumner
B)   Albert Sidney Beckham
C)   Kenneth Clark
D)   Porter Lincoln JacksonE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict, and influence behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology today is that it is the science of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The school of psychology called behaviorism was started by __________

Accepted Answer

A)   B.F. Skinner.
B)   John B. Watson.
C)   Abraham Maslow.
D)   Edward B. Titchener.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The American Psychological Association (APA)  __________

Accepted Answer

A)   supports animal research.
B)   does not support animal research.
C)   supports research with rodents but not with other animals.
D)   stopped supporting animal research in 1986.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

The question "What is happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   description
B)   explanation
C)   prediction
D)   controlE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following would be true if the number of hours students spend watching T.V. is negatively correlated with their grades in school?

Accepted Answer

A)   Students who watch less T.V. would have the higher grades.
B)   Students who watch more T.V. would have the higher grades.
C)   T.V. viewing would not be related to grades in any systematic way.
D)   T.V. viewing would be the independent variable in the study.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

List and describe five specialties in the field of psychology. In your descriptions be sure to include specific types of research that might be conducted.

Accepted Answer

1. Clinical Psychology: Clinical psychol...

Question 10

A teacher tells the school psychologist that Kate is late to class, does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   describing behavior
B)   explaining behavior
C)   predicting behavior
D)   controlling behaviorE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Giving a participant full information about all aspects of an experiment after the participant has fulfilled his or her role in an experiment is referred to as __________

Accepted Answer

A)   confounding.
B)   debriefing.
C)   deception.
D)   random assignment.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Why was the perspective followed by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers called structuralism?

Accepted Answer

A)   They wanted to identify the major brain structures.
B)   Their primary goal was to understand the physiology of the mind.
C)   They focused their efforts on analyzing the elements of the nervous system.
D)   Their primary focus was on describing the structure of conscious experience.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Who claimed that behavior is affected by positive reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   William James
B)   Sigmund Freud
C)   B. F. Skinner
D)   Wilhelm WundtE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Psychologists who give potential employees tests that determine what kind of job those employees might best perform are interested in the goal of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   description
B)   explanation
C)   prediction
D)   controlE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Dr. Samson wanted to know how college students in his state would vote during the next election. By sampling the seniors at his college, he can get a representative sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following situations best illustrates the placebo effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   You sleep because you are tired.
B)   You throw up after eating bad meat.
C)   You have surgery to repair a defective heart valve.
D)   You drink a nonalcoholic drink and become "intoxicated" because you think it contains alcohol.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

A negative correlation means that __________

Accepted Answer

A)   high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other.
B)   high values of one variable are associated with high values of the other.
C)   low values of one variable are associated with low values of the other.
D)   there is no relationship between the two variables.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   the order of the items
B)   the method used to assign participants to groups
C)   the students' scores on the two versions of the test
D)   the difficulty of the items on the testE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

An operational definition is __________

Accepted Answer

A)   a statement that attempts to predict a set of phenomena and specifies relationships among variables that can be empirically tested.
B)   an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships.
C)   the precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure.
D)   the principle that a scientific theory must make predictions that are specific enough to expose the theory to the possibility of disconfirmation.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the STRONGEST relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)   -.97
B)   +.79
C)   +1.03
D)   -.82E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 1: Introduction to Psychology

Dr. Samson wanted to know how college students in his state would vote during the next election. By sampling the seniors at his college, he can get a representative sample.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why was the perspective followed by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers called structuralism?

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The school of psychology called behaviorism was started by __________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Giving a participant full information about all aspects of an experiment after the participant has fulfilled his or her role in an experiment is referred to as __________

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List and describe five specialties in the field of psychology. In your descriptions be sure to include specific types of research that might be conducted.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AI1. Clinical Psychology: Clinical psychol...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following would be true if the number of hours students spend watching T.V. is negatively correlated with their grades in school?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following situations best illustrates the placebo effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A negative correlation means that __________

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Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the STRONGEST relationship?

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An operational definition is __________

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A teacher tells the school psychologist that Kate is late to class, does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The question "What is happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who claimed that behavior is affected by positive reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict, and influence behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists who give potential employees tests that determine what kind of job those employees might best perform are interested in the goal of _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

He is known as the "father of African American psychology."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American Psychological Association (APA) __________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology today is that it is the science of behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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1. Clinical Psychology: Clinical psychol...
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