Question 1

The powerful survival impulse that leads infants to seek closeness to their caregivers is called

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment.
B)  conservation.
C)  egocentrism.
D)  pruning.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Using a large pillow to symbolize a pony,Sydnee bounced up and down on the pillow as if she were riding the pony.Sydnee is most clearly demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  a theory of mind.
B)  pretend play.
C)  conservation.
D)  role confusion.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

At 16 months of age,Edmund is uncertain whether his busy parents will take time to feed him when he is hungry.This is most indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  insecure attachment.
B)  egocentrism.
C)  conservation.
D)  object permanence.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly,she had to modify her existing concept of birds.This best illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation.
B)  assimilation.
C)  egocentrism.
D)  accommodation.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Mr.Lambers refuses to pay income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billions of dollars on military weapons.Mr.Lambers' reasoning best illustrates Kohlberg's ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  postconventional
B)  intuitionist
C)  preconventional
D)  conventionalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Zian can't decide what he wants to do with his life.He has tried several different jobs,but has been fired for lack of effort each time.According to Erikson,Zian best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  a pruning process.
B)  preconventional morality.
C)  role confusion.
D)  delay of gratification.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Because of the shortening of ________,aging cells may die without being replaced.

Accepted Answer

A)  immune system antibodies
B)  menopause
C)  distance perception
D)  telomeresE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

If children cannot grasp the principle of conservation,they are unable to

Accepted Answer

A)  deal with the discipline of toilet training.
B)  see things from the point of view of another person.
C)  recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.
D)  retain earlier schemas when confronted by new experiences.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 9

Human sperm cells ________ than egg cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  are larger
B)  contain more genes
C)  are smaller
D)  contain fewer genesE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

If Piaget pictured the developing child as a young ________,Vygotsky pictured the developing child as a young ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  empathizer;systemizer
B)  postoperational child;preoperational child
C)  scientist;apprentice
D)  athlete;artistE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Adolescents begin to use abstract reasoning skills when they achieve the intellectual summit that Piaget called

Accepted Answer

A)  an intuitionist perspective.
B)  formal operations.
C)  dual processing.
D)  generativity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Two closed,pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is held upside down.The child apparently lacks a

Accepted Answer

A)  sense of object permanence.
B)  concept of conservation.
C)  capacity for habituation.
D)  secure attachment.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

People typically experience an increasing sense of confidence and self-esteem

Accepted Answer

A)  from the early to mid-teen years.
B)  from the mid-teen years to midlife.
C)  from middle adulthood through the very final weeks prior to death.
D)  during all of these periods.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes adolescent self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  It rises through the early teen years and falls during the late teen years.
B)  It falls through the early teen years and rises during the late teen years.
C)  It rises through the early teen years and rises during the late teen years.
D)  It falls through the early teen years and falls during the late teen years.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Dr.Matsuko's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-raising practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring.It is most likely that Dr.Matsuko is a ________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive
B)  developmental
C)  biological
D)  psychodynamicE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The sequence in which babies master the skills of rolling over,sitting,crawling,and walking is the same around the world.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in motor development.

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament
B)  maturation
C)  imprinting
D)  object permanenceE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Teens who smoke typically have friends who smoke.To avoid overestimating the impact of peer pressure on teen's smoking habits,it would make most sense to consider the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  a selection effect.
B)  a pruning process.
C)  stranger anxiety.
D)  brain plasticity.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

Malcolm,a single 23-year-old,has moved back into his parents' house after graduating from college so that he can afford to pursue a full-time graduate school program in business administration.His situation best illustrates a life phase called

Accepted Answer

A)  empty nest syndrome.
B)  a rite of passage.
C)  a midlife crisis.
D)  emerging adulthood.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking.

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational stage
B)  neural network
C)  critical period
D)  scaffoldE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Six-year-old Ashley effectively restrained herself from touching a burning candle by inaudibly whispering the word "hot." The advantage of her verbal self-control tactic was most clearly highlighted by

Accepted Answer

A)  Erik Erikson.
B)  Lev Vygotsky.
C)  Jean Piaget.
D)  Harry Harlow.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 3: Developing Through the Life Span

Dr.Matsuko's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-raising practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring.It is most likely that Dr.Matsuko is a ________ psychologist.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If Piaget pictured the developing child as a young ________,Vygotsky pictured the developing child as a young ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using a large pillow to symbolize a pony,Sydnee bounced up and down on the pillow as if she were riding the pony.Sydnee is most clearly demonstrating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Human sperm cells ________ than egg cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People typically experience an increasing sense of confidence and self-esteem

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adolescents begin to use abstract reasoning skills when they achieve the intellectual summit that Piaget called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two closed,pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is held upside down.The child apparently lacks a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zian can't decide what he wants to do with his life.He has tried several different jobs,but has been fired for lack of effort each time.According to Erikson,Zian best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If children cannot grasp the principle of conservation,they are unable to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Six-year-old Ashley effectively restrained herself from touching a burning candle by inaudibly whispering the word "hot." The advantage of her verbal self-control tactic was most clearly highlighted by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Malcolm,a single 23-year-old,has moved back into his parents' house after graduating from college so that he can afford to pursue a full-time graduate school program in business administration.His situation best illustrates a life phase called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly,she had to modify her existing concept of birds.This best illustrates the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The powerful survival impulse that leads infants to seek closeness to their caregivers is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sequence in which babies master the skills of rolling over,sitting,crawling,and walking is the same around the world.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in motor development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At 16 months of age,Edmund is uncertain whether his busy parents will take time to feed him when he is hungry.This is most indicative of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because of the shortening of ________,aging cells may die without being replaced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr.Lambers refuses to pay income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billions of dollars on military weapons.Mr.Lambers' reasoning best illustrates Kohlberg's ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes adolescent self-esteem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Teens who smoke typically have friends who smoke.To avoid overestimating the impact of peer pressure on teen's smoking habits,it would make most sense to consider the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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If Piaget pictured the developing child as a young ,Vygotsky pictured the developing child as a young .

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