Question 1

Which two doctors were able to identify important language centers in the brain by studying their patients?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gall and Spurzheim
B)   Broca and Wernicke
C)   Mesmer and Freud
D)   Galton and WundtE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Cognitive psychologists are a subgroup of experimental psychologists who are concerned primarily with:

Accepted Answer

A)   neurobiological events which underlie behavior.
B)   the function of age on behavior.
C)   mental events which intervene between stimuli and responses.
D)   how people are affected by social situations.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

According to the principle of parsimony, reports of alien abduction are unlikely to be true because

Accepted Answer

A)   there are several other explanations that are much simpler.
B)   aliens do not really exist.
C)   eyewitness reports should never be believed.
D)   anyone who thinks they were abducted by aliens is clearly mentally unstable.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study mental processes?

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalysis
B)   behaviorism
C)   Gestalt psychology
D)   humanismE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

A perennial question for educational psychologists is, "Why do some students in a class succeed while others perform poorly?" According to the biopsychosocial model, which of the following is a possible explanation for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)   biological differences in brain structures and chemistry
B)   social and cultural differences between students
C)   cognitive, emotional, and personality differences between students
D)   each student's biological makeup, social and cultural background, and their cognitive abilities, emotional state, and personality combine to make them different from any other student in the classE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The origins of the cognitive perspective can be traced back to a handful of European psychologists who were studying

Accepted Answer

A)   memory and perception.
B)   behavior.
C)   computers.
D)   language.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Which school of thought in psychology tried to identify the basic elements of sensations, images, and feelings?

Accepted Answer

A)   structuralism
B)   phrenology
C)   functionalism
D)   psychoanalysisE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

A major difference between most clinical psychologists and psychiatrists is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   all clinical psychologists can prescribe medications.
B)   all psychiatrists can prescribe medications.
C)   to be a clinical psychologist, you must obtain a doctorate degree.
D)   to be a psychiatrist, you need to obtain only a master's degree.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

A distinct feature of behaviorism is its:

Accepted Answer

A)   search for the deeper meaning of human existence.
B)   search for patterns that create a whole that is greater than its parts.
C)   use of introspection.
D)   exclusive emphasis on observable behavior.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Scientific literacy does not include _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   gathering knowledge
B)   accepting common-sense explanations
C)   critical thinking
D)   applying scientific information to everyday problemsE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The question of nature and nurture relationships centers on how ____________ (nature)  and ____________ (nurture)  influence behavior and mental processes.

Accepted Answer

A)   environment; heredity
B)   heredity; environment
C)   emotion; logic
D)   logic; emotionE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which founding contributors to psychology helped develop behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gestalt and Wundt
B)   Freud and Watson
C)   Watson and Pavlov
D)   Pavlov and WundtE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Introspection requires

Accepted Answer

A)   metaphysical experiences.
B)   self-skepticism about experiences.
C)   empiricism.
D)   examining one's own perceptions and thoughts.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

A hypothesis is a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What property do hypotheses and theories both share?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are both types of educated guesses.
B)   They both integrate numerous findings and observations.
C)   They are both types of opinions or beliefs.
D)   In order to be scientific, they both must be capable of being proven false.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which two physicians developed first explored brain localization?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gall and Spurzheim
B)   Broca and Wernicke
C)   Mesmer and Freud
D)   Galton and WundtE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and life's meaning. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?

Accepted Answer

A)   Behaviorism
B)   Humanistic psychology
C)   Functionalism
D)   PsychodynamicsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Psychology can be considered a collection of many related fields of study. What is one of the features that all of these fields have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   The use of the scientific method
B)   The study of mental illness
C)   The belief that the unconscious mind determines human behavior
D)   The use of introspectionE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

"The whole is greater than the sum of the parts" is a statement that can be associated with the perspective of

Accepted Answer

A)   introspection.
B)   functionalism.
C)   psychoanalysis.
D)   Gestalt psychology.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were two major figures in the development of which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   humanistic psychology
B)   functionalism
C)   cognitive psychology
D)   behaviorismE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Introducing Psychological Science

A perennial question for educational psychologists is, "Why do some students in a class succeed while others perform poorly?" According to the biopsychosocial model, which of the following is a possible explanation for this phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the principle of parsimony, reports of alien abduction are unlikely to be true because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What property do hypotheses and theories both share?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which founding contributors to psychology helped develop behaviorism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychology can be considered a collection of many related fields of study. What is one of the features that all of these fields have in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study mental processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two physicians developed first explored brain localization?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and life's meaning. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major difference between most clinical psychologists and psychiatrists is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive psychologists are a subgroup of experimental psychologists who are concerned primarily with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The origins of the cognitive perspective can be traced back to a handful of European psychologists who were studying

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientific literacy does not include _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which school of thought in psychology tried to identify the basic elements of sensations, images, and feelings?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The question of nature and nurture relationships centers on how ____________ (nature) and ____________ (nurture) influence behavior and mental processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were two major figures in the development of which psychological perspective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A distinct feature of behaviorism is its:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"The whole is greater than the sum of the parts" is a statement that can be associated with the perspective of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two doctors were able to identify important language centers in the brain by studying their patients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introspection requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hypothesis is a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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The question of nature and nurture relationships centers on how (nature) and (nurture) influence behavior and mental processes.

Correct Answer
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